气象科技进展
氣象科技進展
기상과기진전
Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology
2014年
6期
50-53
,共4页
多学科%大气科学%科学史%自然科学%社会科学
多學科%大氣科學%科學史%自然科學%社會科學
다학과%대기과학%과학사%자연과학%사회과학
multi-disciplinary%atmospheric science%history of science%natural science%social science
从科学史与学科分类的视角,按照历史阶段和融合方式这两个维度,分析归纳了六组学科领域与大气科学发展的融合与互动:古代气象学在萌芽阶段曾与天文学和地理学共生;16—18世纪在因探险活动而兴起的航海学和山地学研究中,积累了丰富的气象学研究素材;19—20世纪气象学逐渐吸收了数理科学的成果,并初步建立了基础理论;20世纪在计算机技术和遥感技术的推动下,大气科学在数值预报和气象观测等方面实现了质的飞跃;20世纪以来,农业气象、医疗气象等各应用气象领域蓬勃发展,大气科学得到了更加专业和深入的应用;21世纪后,大气科学与政治学、经济学、传播学等社会科学广泛融合,开启了大气科学崭新的发展阶段。
從科學史與學科分類的視角,按照歷史階段和融閤方式這兩箇維度,分析歸納瞭六組學科領域與大氣科學髮展的融閤與互動:古代氣象學在萌芽階段曾與天文學和地理學共生;16—18世紀在因探險活動而興起的航海學和山地學研究中,積纍瞭豐富的氣象學研究素材;19—20世紀氣象學逐漸吸收瞭數理科學的成果,併初步建立瞭基礎理論;20世紀在計算機技術和遙感技術的推動下,大氣科學在數值預報和氣象觀測等方麵實現瞭質的飛躍;20世紀以來,農業氣象、醫療氣象等各應用氣象領域蓬勃髮展,大氣科學得到瞭更加專業和深入的應用;21世紀後,大氣科學與政治學、經濟學、傳播學等社會科學廣汎融閤,開啟瞭大氣科學嶄新的髮展階段。
종과학사여학과분류적시각,안조역사계단화융합방식저량개유도,분석귀납료륙조학과영역여대기과학발전적융합여호동:고대기상학재맹아계단증여천문학화지이학공생;16—18세기재인탐험활동이흥기적항해학화산지학연구중,적루료봉부적기상학연구소재;19—20세기기상학축점흡수료수이과학적성과,병초보건립료기출이론;20세기재계산궤기술화요감기술적추동하,대기과학재수치예보화기상관측등방면실현료질적비약;20세기이래,농업기상、의료기상등각응용기상영역봉발발전,대기과학득도료경가전업화심입적응용;21세기후,대기과학여정치학、경제학、전파학등사회과학엄범융합,개계료대기과학참신적발전계단。
This essay analyzes the interaction and relationship between meteorology and some other disciplines of both natural science and technology in science history and the progress of science classiifcation. The science and technology disciplines were grouped by the way of interaction when it happened in the history. There comes six kinds of multi-disciplinary Integration in the history of meteorology:in ancient times meteorology was born together with astronomy geography;from 16th to 18th century, new observation data concerning atmosphere phenomena were recorded and discovered in maritime navigation and mountain studies;in 19th and 20th centuries meteorology gradually absorbed the theoretical achievements from mathematics and physics, especially calculus and hydromechanics, and built up its own basic theory;after 20th century, with the appearance of computers and remote-sensing technology, numerical weather forecast and modern meteorological observation came to reality;also from the 20th century on, more applications of meteorology in agriculture and medicine brought us new knowledge of agricultural meteorology, and medical meteorology;In 21st century, atmospheric science interacts frequently with social sciences such as politics, economics, sociology, communication, which indicates that a new stage of atmospheric science is coming.