CAJ | 학술논문

在小额信贷实践中，可持续性逐渐成为衡量金融机构发展成败的重要标准。农村信用社、村镇银行等农村金融机构已成为我国小额信贷最重要的承办机构。首先，采用比较静态的分析方法，通过引入农户投入努力程度、农户未来收益预期等中间变量，研究农户小额信贷中的利率水平、违约风险等要素和农村金融机构可持续发展之间的关系；其次，以新疆植棉农户和县域农村金融机构为例，利用相关数据对三者之间的关系进行了实证分析。研究表明：农户小额贷款的利率不能高于合理水平，过高的利率水平将不利于农村金融机构的长期持续稳定经营；小额农户贷款的单户贷款规模要保持适度，“小额”是与我国当前农业综合生产力水平相适应的；必须采取多种措施切实提高农户收入水平，防止因农户“短视”而形成违约。
재소액신대실천중，가지속성축점성위형량금융궤구발전성패적중요표준。농촌신용사、촌진은행등농촌금융궤구이성위아국소액신대최중요적승판궤구。수선，채용비교정태적분석방법，통과인입농호투입노력정도、농호미래수익예기등중간변량，연구농호소액신대중적리솔수평、위약풍험등요소화농촌금융궤구가지속발전지간적관계；기차，이신강식면농호화현역농촌금융궤구위례，이용상관수거대삼자지간적관계진행료실증분석。연구표명：농호소액대관적리솔불능고우합리수평，과고적리솔수평장불리우농촌금융궤구적장기지속은정경영；소액농호대관적단호대관규모요보지괄도，“소액”시여아국당전농업종합생산력수평상괄응적；필수채취다충조시절실제고농호수입수평，방지인농호“단시”이형성위약。
During the practice of rural -household micro-credit, sustainbility has became the key standard to evaluate the success or failure of micro-credit institutions.Rural Credit Cooperative(RCC) and rural bank are the most important rural financial institutions (RFI) which carry on micro-credit business in China.Following the method of comparative static analysis , this paper introducing the intermediate variable of effort in cultivating and expectation income , study on the relationship of loan interest rate and default risk of ru-ral-household and sustainability of RFI .Secondly , we conduct positive analysis on the relationship using the datas from Xinjiang ’ s county and cotton farmers.Finally, we get the following conclusion:the interest-rate can’t be higher than its reasonable level,which might be have negative effect on RFI ’ s sustainability;the amount of individual rural -household ’ s loan must be “small”, because the large amount of loan might be cause the default risk;RFI must focus on the improvement of household ’ s income and prevent from the default-risk caused by “short-vision”.