光谱学与光谱分析
光譜學與光譜分析
광보학여광보분석
SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
2015年
1期
76-82
,共7页
何文绚%洪贵水%方润%蔡仙春%黄声
何文絢%洪貴水%方潤%蔡仙春%黃聲
하문현%홍귀수%방윤%채선춘%황성
精炼地沟油%ATR%红外光谱%特征指标
精煉地溝油%ATR%紅外光譜%特徵指標
정련지구유%ATR%홍외광보%특정지표
Refined waste oil%ATR%IR%Specific indicator
精炼地沟油相比于食用植物油，经历了更长时间的高于200℃的高温历程，第三类地沟油或称煎炸老油也经历了长时间高温历程。本文应用ATR红外光谱法，研究了六种常用植物油中共轭脂肪酸甘油酯含量、反式脂肪酸甘油酯含量、不饱和度等三个指标值随加热温度及加热时间的变化情况，以期找出地沟油的特异性指标。研究结果表明：从160℃开始，各植物油的共轭脂肪酸甘油酯含量及反式脂肪酸甘油酯含量随着加热温度升高及加热时间增长而增加，不饱和度则降低，当加热温度为200℃或以上、加热时间达到4 h或更长时，六种植物油的三个指标值有大幅变化。共轭脂肪酸甘油酯含量的变化幅度还与植物油中亚油酸含量有关，亚油酸含量越大其变化幅度越大；反式脂肪酸甘油酯含量变化幅度则还与植物油中油酸含量有关，油酸含量高者变化幅度大。此外，上述三个指标值与存储时间有关，随着六种植物油存放时间增长，共轭脂肪酸含量变大，不饱和度变小，而反式脂肪酸含量变化规律与高温长时间加热不同，其含量不是变大而是变小，保质期内三个指标值的变化幅度都小于经过高温长时间加热的变化幅度。因此，从三个指标值及其变化规律可以了解植物油是否经历了长时间高温历程，它们可以作为地沟油及精炼地沟油的特异性指标。
精煉地溝油相比于食用植物油，經歷瞭更長時間的高于200℃的高溫歷程，第三類地溝油或稱煎炸老油也經歷瞭長時間高溫歷程。本文應用ATR紅外光譜法，研究瞭六種常用植物油中共軛脂肪痠甘油酯含量、反式脂肪痠甘油酯含量、不飽和度等三箇指標值隨加熱溫度及加熱時間的變化情況，以期找齣地溝油的特異性指標。研究結果錶明：從160℃開始，各植物油的共軛脂肪痠甘油酯含量及反式脂肪痠甘油酯含量隨著加熱溫度升高及加熱時間增長而增加，不飽和度則降低，噹加熱溫度為200℃或以上、加熱時間達到4 h或更長時，六種植物油的三箇指標值有大幅變化。共軛脂肪痠甘油酯含量的變化幅度還與植物油中亞油痠含量有關，亞油痠含量越大其變化幅度越大；反式脂肪痠甘油酯含量變化幅度則還與植物油中油痠含量有關，油痠含量高者變化幅度大。此外，上述三箇指標值與存儲時間有關，隨著六種植物油存放時間增長，共軛脂肪痠含量變大，不飽和度變小，而反式脂肪痠含量變化規律與高溫長時間加熱不同，其含量不是變大而是變小，保質期內三箇指標值的變化幅度都小于經過高溫長時間加熱的變化幅度。因此，從三箇指標值及其變化規律可以瞭解植物油是否經歷瞭長時間高溫歷程，它們可以作為地溝油及精煉地溝油的特異性指標。
정련지구유상비우식용식물유，경력료경장시간적고우200℃적고온역정，제삼류지구유혹칭전작로유야경력료장시간고온역정。본문응용ATR홍외광보법，연구료륙충상용식물유중공액지방산감유지함량、반식지방산감유지함량、불포화도등삼개지표치수가열온도급가열시간적변화정황，이기조출지구유적특이성지표。연구결과표명：종160℃개시，각식물유적공액지방산감유지함량급반식지방산감유지함량수착가열온도승고급가열시간증장이증가，불포화도칙강저，당가열온도위200℃혹이상、가열시간체도4 h혹경장시，륙충식물유적삼개지표치유대폭변화。공액지방산감유지함량적변화폭도환여식물유중아유산함량유관，아유산함량월대기변화폭도월대；반식지방산감유지함량변화폭도칙환여식물유중유산함량유관，유산함량고자변화폭도대。차외，상술삼개지표치여존저시간유관，수착륙충식물유존방시간증장，공액지방산함량변대，불포화도변소，이반식지방산함량변화규률여고온장시간가열불동，기함량불시변대이시변소，보질기내삼개지표치적변화폭도도소우경과고온장시간가열적변화폭도。인차，종삼개지표치급기변화규률가이료해식물유시부경력료장시간고온역정，타문가이작위지구유급정련지구유적특이성지표。
Because both refined“waste oil”and the third category “waste oil”known as frying ol d oil experience a longer history at temperature higher than 200 ℃ compared to the vegetable oil .In this study ,the relative change rates of content of conjugated fatty acid glycerides ,content of tans-fatty acid glycerides and unsaturation were investigated after being at high temperature for several hours by using FTIR-ATR in order to find out specific targets for “waste oil” .The results show that (1) Starting from 160 ℃ ,the contents of conjugated fatty acids glycerides and trans-fatty acid glycerids in the vegetable oils increase but unsatura-tion decreases with heating temperature and heating time increasing .(2) When heating temperature reaches 200 ℃ or more ,the heating time up to four hours or longer ,the three indicators(conjugated fatty glycerids ,trans-fatty acid glycerids and unsatura-tion) of six kinds of vegetable oils have substantial changes .(3) The content of linoleic acid in the vegetable oil has some contri-butions to the change amplitude of contents of conjugated fatty acid glycerides ,and the content of oleic acid in the vegetable oil has some contributions to the change amplitude of content of trans-fatty acid glycerides .(4) In addition ,during the warranty pe-riod change amplitudes of three indicators are relative small compared with the case of after being at high temperature for several hours .Unsaturation decrease and content of conjugated fatty acid glycerides increase with storage-time increasing .However , unlike the case of after being at high temperature for several hours ,the content of trans-fatty acid glycerids decreases with stor-age-time increasing .Experimental results show that three index value and its variation can be used as specific indicators for re-fined“waste oil” and“waste oil” .
