CAJ | 학술논문

印章石是我国特有的具有民族历史文化特色的艺术品，江西“高洲石”是近年来新发现并在市场上流通的印章石品种。采用X射线粉晶衍射（XRD）、X射线荧光光谱分析（XRF）、红外光谱分析（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）及差热分析（DTA）对“高洲石”的矿物学特征和谱学特征进行了系统的研究。粉晶衍射结果表明，“高洲石”的主要矿物成分为高岭石族矿物和叶蜡石，其次含有少量的绢云母和伊利石等。其中高岭石和地开石多型可通过18°～40°（2θ）范围内一系列地开石特有的衍射峰鉴别。“高洲石”中高岭石族矿物同时出现高岭石和地开石的特征衍射峰，主要为高岭石-地开石过渡矿物。“高洲石”主要化学成分为 SiO2和Al2 O3，次要成分为Fe2 O3和K2 O和Na2 O等，这与高岭石族矿物的化学成分相一致。红外光谱的结果显示“高洲石”中高岭石-地开石过渡矿物在高频区一般出现3689，3645和3615 cm －1三个谱带，其中归属于面外羟基振动的3689 cm －1谱带和面内羟基振动的3615 cm －1谱带强度近似相等，部分略有变化，其变化因含高岭石层或地开石层较多造成。扫描电镜下观察到“高洲石”中高岭石矿物的形态主要呈直径为0.5～4μm的不规则片状或假六方板状，与我国其他产地印石的扫描电镜特征较为相似。差热分析结果表明高岭石族矿物的脱羟吸热谷温度与其矿物种属有一定对应关系，同时此温度还受矿物颗粒大小的影响。综合研究表明，“高洲石”的矿物类型与我国四大印石（寿山石、昌化石、青田石、巴林石）相似，作为四大印石的替代品，“高洲石”具有广阔的市场前景。
인장석시아국특유적구유민족역사문화특색적예술품，강서“고주석”시근년래신발현병재시장상류통적인장석품충。채용X사선분정연사（XRD）、X사선형광광보분석（XRF）、홍외광보분석（FTIR）、소묘전경（SEM）급차열분석（DTA）대“고주석”적광물학특정화보학특정진행료계통적연구。분정연사결과표명，“고주석”적주요광물성분위고령석족광물화협사석，기차함유소량적견운모화이리석등。기중고령석화지개석다형가통과18°～40°（2θ）범위내일계렬지개석특유적연사봉감별。“고주석”중고령석족광물동시출현고령석화지개석적특정연사봉，주요위고령석-지개석과도광물。“고주석”주요화학성분위 SiO2화Al2 O3，차요성분위Fe2 O3화K2 O화Na2 O등，저여고령석족광물적화학성분상일치。홍외광보적결과현시“고주석”중고령석-지개석과도광물재고빈구일반출현3689，3645화3615 cm －1삼개보대，기중귀속우면외간기진동적3689 cm －1보대화면내간기진동적3615 cm －1보대강도근사상등，부분략유변화，기변화인함고령석층혹지개석층교다조성。소묘전경하관찰도“고주석”중고령석광물적형태주요정직경위0.5～4μm적불규칙편상혹가륙방판상，여아국기타산지인석적소묘전경특정교위상사。차열분석결과표명고령석족광물적탈간흡열곡온도여기광물충속유일정대응관계，동시차온도환수광물과립대소적영향。종합연구표명，“고주석”적광물류형여아국사대인석（수산석、창화석、청전석、파림석）상사，작위사대인석적체대품，“고주석”구유엄활적시장전경。
The seal stone is a kind of artwork with historical and cultural characteristics of China ,which has been playing an im-portant role in Chinese traditional culture .“Gaozhou stone” ,a new kind of the seal stone ,has been found in the market re-cently .To investigate the mineralogical and spectral characterastics of “Gaozhou stone” ,samples were studied by using XRF , XRD ,FTIR ,SEM and DTA .Measurements by XRD reveal that kaolin minerals (kaolinite ,dickite) ,pyrophyllite and minor sericite and illite occur in the ores .When kaolinite and dickite are associated ,it is not easy to differentiate them from each other . Although some reflections overlap others ,kaolin polytypes can be differentiated by XRD patterns in the range 18°~40° (2θ) ,the reflections at 0.395 ,0.379 ,0.343 ,0.326 ,0.294 ,0.280 ,0.232 and 0.221 nm are diagnostic of dickite .The XRD results indi-cate the presence of transitional mineral of kaolinite and dickite in these samples .The main chemical components of “Gaozhou stone” are SiO2 and Al2 O3 with minor Fe2 O3 ,K2 O and Na2 O ,corresponding with that of kaolin minerals .The OH groups in kaolin group minerals have attracted considerable attention as a sensitive indicator of structural disorder .In principle ,dickite has three bands ,whereas kaolinite has four bands at the OH-stretching region .According to the results of FTIR ,transitional miner-al of kaolinite and dickite in “Gaozhou stone” has 3 absorption bands of 3 670 ,3 650 and 3 620 cm -1 in high frequency region . The intensity of 3 670 cm -1 band that belongs to outer layer hydroxyl vibration is approximately equal to the intensity of 3 620 cm -1 band ascribing to inner layer OH vibration .This value will only have subtle changes due to the different component ratio of kaolinite and dickite layers .Micro-morphology viewed by SEM presents irregular platy or pseudo-hexagonal platy particles with an average diameter of 0.5~4μm of“Gaozhou stone” .Such morphologies are quite similar to other seal stones of China that the formation environments of all these stones are of the same kind .DTA curves demonstrate that the disparity of dehydroxylation temperature can be seen as a differential feature for identifying kaolin group minerals ,but that is not undoubted .And what’s more ,the size of the mineral grains seems has a greater effect on the disparity of dehydroxylation temperature .This research shows that the mineral type of “Gaozhou stone”is similar to “Four Famous stones of China” ,and it could be a viable substitute of other famous seal stones .In this point ,“Gaozhou stone” has a broad market prospect .