交通运输系统工程与信息
交通運輸繫統工程與信息
교통운수계통공정여신식
JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION AND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION
2014年
6期
126-132
,共7页
铁路运输%运营费用%并行禁忌%开行方案%树形改编策略
鐵路運輸%運營費用%併行禁忌%開行方案%樹形改編策略
철로운수%운영비용%병행금기%개행방안%수형개편책략
railway transportation%operation cost%parallel tabu search algorithm%operation plan%carflow’s tree-shaped classification strategy
国外货物列车开行方案的制定通常以车流和车列的综合费用最小为目标，而我国大多以车流的集结和改编车小时消耗最小为目标，很少考虑每个车列的运营费用，造成理论开行费用偏小，其方案未必最优。此外，我国现有开行方案模型将车流树形改编策略递归表示，不利于对不可行流的处理。鉴于此，本文对现有模型进行改造，在总目标中增加车列运营费用；在约束中引入新的决策变量，实现线性化的车流树形改编策略。设计并行禁忌搜索算法实现对模型的求解。结果表明，单位列车运营费用中的固定费用对开行方案有着重要的影响，其费用越高，总开行列数越少，列车平均运距越长，但总改编车流量增加；线性化的改编策略直观展现车流的改编路径，便于对不可行流的运输方案进行调整。
國外貨物列車開行方案的製定通常以車流和車列的綜閤費用最小為目標，而我國大多以車流的集結和改編車小時消耗最小為目標，很少攷慮每箇車列的運營費用，造成理論開行費用偏小，其方案未必最優。此外，我國現有開行方案模型將車流樹形改編策略遞歸錶示，不利于對不可行流的處理。鑒于此，本文對現有模型進行改造，在總目標中增加車列運營費用；在約束中引入新的決策變量，實現線性化的車流樹形改編策略。設計併行禁忌搜索算法實現對模型的求解。結果錶明，單位列車運營費用中的固定費用對開行方案有著重要的影響，其費用越高，總開行列數越少，列車平均運距越長，但總改編車流量增加；線性化的改編策略直觀展現車流的改編路徑，便于對不可行流的運輸方案進行調整。
국외화물열차개행방안적제정통상이차류화차렬적종합비용최소위목표，이아국대다이차류적집결화개편차소시소모최소위목표，흔소고필매개차렬적운영비용，조성이론개행비용편소，기방안미필최우。차외，아국현유개행방안모형장차류수형개편책략체귀표시，불리우대불가행류적처리。감우차，본문대현유모형진행개조，재총목표중증가차렬운영비용；재약속중인입신적결책변량，실현선성화적차류수형개편책략。설계병행금기수색산법실현대모형적구해。결과표명，단위열차운영비용중적고정비용대개행방안유착중요적영향，기비용월고，총개행렬수월소，열차평균운거월장，단총개편차류량증가；선성화적개편책략직관전현차류적개편로경，편우대불가행류적운수방안진행조정。
With regard to formulating freight train operation plan, foreign countries generally take minimizing the integrated cost of traffic flow and train set as the objective. However, our country mainly focuses on minimizing the total train service accumulation cost and classification cost, rarely considering the operation cost of train set, which results that the theoretical operation cost is less than normal level and the operation plan may not be the best. Furthermore, the existing train formation plan models in our country recursively represent the traffic flow’s tree-shaped classification strategy, which is not conducive to deal with infeasible flow. In view of this situation, this paper modifies the existing models as follows: train set operation cost is added to the overall objective function and new decision variables are introduced into constraints to realize linearly representing the traffic flow’s tree-shaped classification strategy. Then, the parallel tabu search algorithm is designed to solve the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the fixed cost in unit train operation cost has a significant impact on train operation plan. The higher the fixed cost is, the smaller the total number of opening train is, the longer the average transport distance is, but the greater the total classification traffic flow is. Linearized classification strategy makes classification route of traffic flow much more intuitive so that it is easier to adjust the operation plan of infeasible traffic flow.
