CAJ | 학술논문

结合我国核电发展需求，研制出了一套船载海水放射性监测报警装置。该装置能快速有效监测到监测船驶过海域的海水放射性超标事件并给出报警信号，解决了现有监测方法中采集水样送回实验室分析造成大量时间消耗的问题。从测量船驶入超标海域算起，平均仅需约6．5 min就会报警，监测20 min漏报警概率低于1％。该报警装置测量耗时短、监测频率高、实时性强，能为及时发现事故、启动应急预案争取宝贵的时间，将为我国核电海域的放射性监测发挥作用。本报警装置还兼有活度测量功能，对海水样品测量1 h，137 Cs的MDA达0．15 Bq／L。以“报警”为指导思想，摆脱了以“探测”为中心的传统观念，对报警概率、误报率与测量时间、报警阈值一并进行调整和权衡，提出了一套行之有效的报警参数设计方法，对于今后其它需要在短时间内报警的探测装置的设计，都可以提供借鉴。
결합아국핵전발전수구，연제출료일투선재해수방사성감측보경장치。해장치능쾌속유효감측도감측선사과해역적해수방사성초표사건병급출보경신호，해결료현유감측방법중채집수양송회실험실분석조성대량시간소모적문제。종측량선사입초표해역산기，평균부수약6．5 min취회보경，감측20 min루보경개솔저우1％。해보경장치측량모시단、감측빈솔고、실시성강，능위급시발현사고、계동응급예안쟁취보귀적시간，장위아국핵전해역적방사성감측발휘작용。본보경장치환겸유활도측량공능，대해수양품측량1 h，137 Cs적MDA체0．15 Bq／L。이“보경”위지도사상，파탈료이“탐측”위중심적전통관념，대보경개솔、오보솔여측량시간、보경역치일병진행조정화권형，제출료일투행지유효적보경삼수설계방법，대우금후기타수요재단시간내보경적탐측장치적설계，도가이제공차감。
Combining with the need of the nuclear power developing of China, we have developed a shipborne monitoring and alarm device for seawater radioactivity.The device can monitor seawater radioactivity and give out alarm signals if the activity beyond the standard.It will prevent large time consuming on the journey of sam-pling the seawater from the sea to laboratory.It takes a short time of 6.5 min averagely for the device to alarm after the monitoring ship enters the sea area with radioactivity beyond the standard.The probability of failing to alarm is <1%for a 20 min monitoring.The alarm device was proved to be less time-consuming, more flexi-ble and scalable to monitor.It is helpful in discovering an accident and activating contingency plans in time. The device can also measure the activities of the nuclides in seawater.The MDA of 137 Cs in seawater sample is 0.15 Bq/L for a 1 h measurement.The device is centering on"alarm", instead of the traditional ideas of"de-tecting".By balancing the alarm probability and misreport rate together with the measuring time, we proposed an effective method for the design of alarm devices, which may provide a reference for the designing of fast-a-larm devices in future.