CAJ | 학술논문

目的：分析抚州市不同收入水平城镇居民卫生服务公平性。方法选择抚州市不同收入水平人群，共3486户13048名，对不同收入水平人群卫生服务需求情况、门诊服务利用情况、住院服务利用情况、住院费用支付情况进行分析。结果不同收入水平人群2周患病率差异具有统计学意义（χ2＝21．615，P＜0．05），各组慢性病患病率未见显著性差异（χ2＝9．615，P＞0．05），2周患病就诊率差异具有统计学意义（χ2＝19．357，P＜0．05），各组2周患病治疗比例有显著性差异（χ2＝20．871，P＜0．05）。随收入水平升高，年人均住院天数、年住院率差异具有统计学意义（χ2＝18．173，23．982，P＜0．05），各组因经济困难未住院比例显著性下降（χ2＝25．139，P＜0．05）。各组住院费用并未呈现出显著性差异（χ2＝12．094，P＞0．05），自付住院费用占人均收入比例、自付住院费用占家庭收入比例显著下降，差异具有统计学意义（χ2＝31．572，29．148，P＜0．05）。结论抚州市不同城镇居民卫生服务存在一定程度的差异性，应加强对低收入人群的政策倾斜，保证医疗卫生服务的公平性。
목적：분석무주시불동수입수평성진거민위생복무공평성。방법선택무주시불동수입수평인군，공3486호13048명，대불동수입수평인군위생복무수구정황、문진복무이용정황、주원복무이용정황、주원비용지부정황진행분석。결과불동수입수평인군2주환병솔차이구유통계학의의（χ2＝21．615，P＜0．05），각조만성병환병솔미견현저성차이（χ2＝9．615，P＞0．05），2주환병취진솔차이구유통계학의의（χ2＝19．357，P＜0．05），각조2주환병치료비례유현저성차이（χ2＝20．871，P＜0．05）。수수입수평승고，년인균주원천수、년주원솔차이구유통계학의의（χ2＝18．173，23．982，P＜0．05），각조인경제곤난미주원비례현저성하강（χ2＝25．139，P＜0．05）。각조주원비용병미정현출현저성차이（χ2＝12．094，P＞0．05），자부주원비용점인균수입비례、자부주원비용점가정수입비례현저하강，차이구유통계학의의（χ2＝31．572，29．148，P＜0．05）。결론무주시불동성진거민위생복무존재일정정도적차이성，응가강대저수입인군적정책경사，보증의료위생복무적공평성。
Objective To analyse the health service equity in different income levels of urban residents of Fuzhou city .Methods Different income levels of citizens from fuzhou city were choosen ,there was a total of 3 486 households ,13 048 people ,health service demand of different income levels ,the outpatient service utilization , the length of service utilization , hospitalization fee payments were analyzed . Results Two week prevalence showed a downward trend ,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =21 .615 , P<0 .05) ,the chronic diseases prevalence did not show significant difference (χ2 = 9 .615 , P>0 .05) .two week outpatient rate was differences statistically significant (χ2 =19 .357 ,P<0 .05) ,2 weeks ill treatment ratio had significant difference (χ2 =20 .871 , P<0 .05) .With income levels rise ,the annual average per capita hospitalization days of hospitalization showed sta‐tistically significantdifference (χ2 = 18 .173 ,23 .982 ,P< 0 .05) ,significant declines in the proportion between groups due to financial difficulties not hospitalized (χ2 = 25 .139 , P<0 .05) .Group hospitalization costs did not show significant difference (χ2 = 12 .094 ,P>0 .05) ,the proportion of out‐of‐pocket medical expenses account for per capitaincome ,out‐of‐pocket medical expenses account for a significant reduction in the proportion of household income showed statistically significant difference (χ2 = 31 .572 ,29 .148 , P<0 .05) .Conclusion different urban residents health services of Fuzhou city exist a certain degree of unfairness ,which should strengthen the policy tilt of low‐income people to ensure the fairness of medical and health services .