东南亚研究
東南亞研究
동남아연구
SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES
2014年
6期
4-9
,共6页
缅甸%政治转型%宗教冲突
緬甸%政治轉型%宗教遲突
면전%정치전형%종교충돌
Myanmar%Transition to Democracy%Religious Conflict
缅甸目前正处于从军人执政向民选政府过渡时期。然而，在这一转型过程中，佛教徒与穆斯林之间的暴力冲突却越来越严重。宗教冲突首先是在缅甸西部若开地区爆发，然后扩大到缅甸的其他地方。众所周知，缅甸是一个佛教为主的国家，穆斯林仅仅是少数。而且，一般认为，缅甸国内的穆斯林是东南亚地区最不激进的群体之一，而佛教教义的核心理念之一也是和平与非暴力。那么，到底是什么因素造成了缅甸佛教徒与穆斯林的暴力冲突？笔者认为英国殖民统治政策造成的佛教徒与穆斯林之间根深蒂固的不信任是缅甸宗教冲突的根本原因，缅甸政治转型过程中日益高涨的佛教民族主义是重要原因之一。
緬甸目前正處于從軍人執政嚮民選政府過渡時期。然而，在這一轉型過程中，彿教徒與穆斯林之間的暴力遲突卻越來越嚴重。宗教遲突首先是在緬甸西部若開地區爆髮，然後擴大到緬甸的其他地方。衆所週知，緬甸是一箇彿教為主的國傢，穆斯林僅僅是少數。而且，一般認為，緬甸國內的穆斯林是東南亞地區最不激進的群體之一，而彿教教義的覈心理唸之一也是和平與非暴力。那麽，到底是什麽因素造成瞭緬甸彿教徒與穆斯林的暴力遲突？筆者認為英國殖民統治政策造成的彿教徒與穆斯林之間根深蒂固的不信任是緬甸宗教遲突的根本原因，緬甸政治轉型過程中日益高漲的彿教民族主義是重要原因之一。
면전목전정처우종군인집정향민선정부과도시기。연이，재저일전형과정중，불교도여목사림지간적폭력충돌각월래월엄중。종교충돌수선시재면전서부약개지구폭발，연후확대도면전적기타지방。음소주지，면전시일개불교위주적국가，목사림부부시소수。이차，일반인위，면전국내적목사림시동남아지구최불격진적군체지일，이불교교의적핵심이념지일야시화평여비폭력。나요，도저시십요인소조성료면전불교도여목사림적폭력충돌？필자인위영국식민통치정책조성적불교도여목사림지간근심체고적불신임시면전종교충돌적근본원인，면전정치전형과정중일익고창적불교민족주의시중요원인지일。
Myanmar is undergoing a historical transition from military rule to democracy. However, religious con-flict between Buddhists and Muslims is becoming more and more serious during this process of transformation. While the religious violence originally broke out in Rokhine state in 2012, it has spread to other parts of Myanmar. As is well known, Myanmar is a Buddhist-majority society and also comprises a minority of Muslims. It is generally thought that Myanmar’s Muslims population is one of the least radicalized in Southeast Asia and one of central con-cepts of Buddhism teachings is peace and non-violence. So, what factors caused the violence between Muslims and Buddhists in Myanmar? This paper argues that the ingrained mistrust between Buddhists and Muslims caused by the British colonial rule policy is the fundamental cause of religious clashes in Myanmar and the rising Burman-Buddhist nationalism in the process of political transition is one of the important reasons.
