CAJ | 학술논문

为将黑芥（Brassica nigra ）抗病基因引入甘蓝型油菜（B ．napus ），通过有性杂交合成甘蓝型油菜与黑芥的三倍体杂种，经基因组加倍获得相应的六倍体，并观察三倍体和六倍体花粉母细胞减数分裂行为。结果表明：三倍体表现为花粉完全不育，而六倍体雌配子育性得到较好恢复，雄配子育性较低（10％～20％）。三倍体减数分裂终变期染色体主要以单价体形式存在，每个细胞平均形成3．8～5．9个二价体，也有极少数三价体出现。六倍体减数分裂染色体主要形成二价体，并以较低频率形成单价体和四价体。六倍体减数分裂后期 I 均等分离的细胞仅占65％～85％。落后染色体、非四分孢子等异常减数分裂行为也有发生。
위장흑개（Brassica nigra ）항병기인인입감람형유채（B ．napus ），통과유성잡교합성감람형유채여흑개적삼배체잡충，경기인조가배획득상응적륙배체，병관찰삼배체화륙배체화분모세포감수분렬행위。결과표명：삼배체표현위화분완전불육，이륙배체자배자육성득도교호회복，웅배자육성교저（10％～20％）。삼배체감수분렬종변기염색체주요이단개체형식존재，매개세포평균형성3．8～5．9개이개체，야유겁소수삼개체출현。륙배체감수분렬염색체주요형성이개체，병이교저빈솔형성단개체화사개체。륙배체감수분렬후기 I 균등분리적세포부점65％～85％。락후염색체、비사분포자등이상감수분렬행위야유발생。
To introduce resistance gene of B .nigra to B .napus ,Triploids between B .napus and B.nigra were synthesized via sexual cross and hexaploids were obtained by genome doubling to transfer resistance genes from B.nigra to B.napus.Meiosis of triploids and hexaploids was also investigated by microscope.Results:Triploids were sterility at al.Majority of female gametes were fertile and minority (10%~20%)of male gametes were fertile in hexaploids.Majority of chromosomes were univalents and 3.8~5.9 bivalents were formed and a few of trivalents were observed in diakinesis pollen mother cells (PMCs)of triploids.Majority of chromosomes formed bivalents and univalents and tetravalents were formed in very low frequency in hexaploids.Equal segregation happened in 65%~85% anaphase I PMCs. Laggard chromosomes and non-tetragametes were observed.