CAJ | 학술논문

目的：为及时了解重点地区水体的血吸虫感染性，以便及时发布预警信息，落实综合防控措施，严防急性血吸虫病疫情的发生。方法回顾性收集2006~2008年镇江市丹徒区血吸虫病疫情资料，在全区沿江乡镇重点水域共设置预警监测点6个，2009年和2010年5~9月采取螺情监测、水体感染性监测、血吸虫毛蚴污染水体监测等方法开展重点水域血吸虫感染性监测，对阳性监测预警点及时发布预警通报，并开展人畜查治、查灭螺及灭蚴、健康教育等应急处置措施。结果2009年和2010年5~9月6个监测预警点螺情监测均未查到感染性钉螺。水体感染性监测，共投放哨鼠1200只，回收1126只，哨鼠回收率为93.83%；共解剖1126只，检获阳性哨鼠13只，哨鼠血吸虫总感染率为1.15%；发现哨鼠阳性点3处，其中1处2010年6、7月连续2次监测为阳性。血吸虫毛蚴污染水体监测共投放哨螺6000只，回收5500只，回收率为91.67%，共逸蚴钉螺21348只次，解剖3311只钉螺，均未发现阳性钉螺。对阳性监测预警点共发布预警4次。应急处置对接触疫水人员等重点人群查病1482人，查出DDIA阳性82人，阳性率5.53%；查出粪阳7人，感染率为0.47%；检查羊169只次，查出阳性7只次，感染率4.14%。对监测预警阳性点及其周边环境开展查螺15hm2，未查出阳性钉螺；灭螺20hm2；应急灭蚴合计11hm2。2年全区未发生一例急性血吸虫病。结论对重点水域血吸虫感染性监测预警与应急处置，可有效地防控血吸虫病疫情的发生，使全区血吸虫病传播控制达标成果得到进一步巩固。
목적：위급시료해중점지구수체적혈흡충감염성，이편급시발포예경신식，락실종합방공조시，엄방급성혈흡충병역정적발생。방법회고성수집2006~2008년진강시단도구혈흡충병역정자료，재전구연강향진중점수역공설치예경감측점6개，2009년화2010년5~9월채취라정감측、수체감염성감측、혈흡충모유오염수체감측등방법개전중점수역혈흡충감염성감측，대양성감측예경점급시발포예경통보，병개전인축사치、사멸라급멸유、건강교육등응급처치조시。결과2009년화2010년5~9월6개감측예경점라정감측균미사도감염성정라。수체감염성감측，공투방초서1200지，회수1126지，초서회수솔위93.83%；공해부1126지，검획양성초서13지，초서혈흡충총감염솔위1.15%；발현초서양성점3처，기중1처2010년6、7월련속2차감측위양성。혈흡충모유오염수체감측공투방초라6000지，회수5500지，회수솔위91.67%，공일유정라21348지차，해부3311지정라，균미발현양성정라。대양성감측예경점공발포예경4차。응급처치대접촉역수인원등중점인군사병1482인，사출DDIA양성82인，양성솔5.53%；사출분양7인，감염솔위0.47%；검사양169지차，사출양성7지차，감염솔4.14%。대감측예경양성점급기주변배경개전사라15hm2，미사출양성정라；멸라20hm2；응급멸유합계11hm2。2년전구미발생일례급성혈흡충병。결론대중점수역혈흡충감염성감측예경여응급처치，가유효지방공혈흡충병역정적발생，사전구혈흡충병전파공제체표성과득도진일보공고。
Objective To understand the infectiion status of schistosome in water body of risk areas in order to early release the warnings and implement comprehensive measures to prevent the prevalence of acute schistosomiasis. Methods The data were collected on the endemic status of schistosomiasis in Dantu District of Zhenjiang City from 2006 to 2008, and 6 surveillance sites were determined at the focal waters distributed in the towns of Dantu area. Surveillance was performed over the snail infestation, water infectivity, prevalence of miracidia of Schistosoma japonicum in the focal water body from May to September between 2009 and 2010, and the positive were released in timely manner. Emergency measures were implemented, including intensive monitoring over the water infectivity, investigation on the status of snail infestation and its eradication as well as health education. Results Infested snails were free during the period of surveillance. A total of 1200 senti?nel mouse were distributed, and 1126 were recovered(93.83%), in which 13 were found positive(1.15%). Three sites were potentially infested, and one site was suspected in consecutive 2 surveillances in June and July of 2010. 5 500 sentinel snails in 6 000 were recovered(91.67%), in which 3 311 received detection by the cer?caria-shedding test, and showed no infections. Four times of warnings were released on the positive results. Screening examination of the 1 482 subjects contacted with the infested water by dipstick dye immunoassay (DDIA), positive results were found in 82(5.53%), and 7 were positive stools(0.47%). Seven in 169 herds of sheep were detected with infection(4.14%). A total of 15hm2 of water body within the monitoring sites were surveyed, where showed no snail infestation. Eradication of the snails and miracidia was performed respectively in 20hm2 and 11hm2 of water body. No single case of acute schistosomiasis occurred in two-year period of surveillance. Conclusion Surveillance over the water body of risk areas may effectively control the incidence of schistosomiasis endemic through early warning and emergency management.