CAJ | 학술논문

襄阳是湖北省马铃薯主要产区之一，一般冬季播种，春季收获，生育期较短，施肥以一次性施肥为主，肥料施用量较大。为了改变农民施肥习惯，节约肥料资源，提高肥料利用率，根据马铃薯的需肥特性和襄阳地区的土壤肥力状况，提出了推荐施肥以及配施有机水溶性肥料试验。研究了推荐施肥和施用有机水溶性肥料对马铃薯产量、品质以及养分含量等指标的影响，旨在为襄阳地区马铃薯的合理施肥提供理论依据。结果表明：按照推荐施肥量分别为N 180 kg/hm2、P2O590 kg/hm2、K2O 210 kg/hm2，与农民施肥相比马铃薯产量并没有明显差异，但氮磷钾分别减少了340 kg/hm2、150 kg/hm2、15 kg/hm2，表明适量减少肥料用量并不会减低襄阳区马铃薯产量，但是节约了施肥成本。在推荐施肥的条件下，配合施用有机水溶性肥料，马铃薯的产量比推荐施肥处理产量增加10.22%，产投比达9.84，表明配合施用有机水溶肥料能有效提高马铃薯产量，提高经济效益。施用有机水溶性肥料不仅可以提高马铃薯叶绿素含量，促进了植株对养分的吸收，而且能显著改善马铃薯品质，如马铃薯块茎的干物质、淀粉、维生素C、可溶性糖的含量均显著增加。
양양시호북성마령서주요산구지일，일반동계파충，춘계수획，생육기교단，시비이일차성시비위주，비료시용량교대。위료개변농민시비습관，절약비료자원，제고비료이용솔，근거마령서적수비특성화양양지구적토양비력상황，제출료추천시비이급배시유궤수용성비료시험。연구료추천시비화시용유궤수용성비료대마령서산량、품질이급양분함량등지표적영향，지재위양양지구마령서적합리시비제공이론의거。결과표명：안조추천시비량분별위N 180 kg/hm2、P2O590 kg/hm2、K2O 210 kg/hm2，여농민시비상비마령서산량병몰유명현차이，단담린갑분별감소료340 kg/hm2、150 kg/hm2、15 kg/hm2，표명괄량감소비료용량병불회감저양양구마령서산량，단시절약료시비성본。재추천시비적조건하，배합시용유궤수용성비료，마령서적산량비추천시비처리산량증가10.22%，산투비체9.84，표명배합시용유궤수용비료능유효제고마령서산량，제고경제효익。시용유궤수용성비료불부가이제고마령서협록소함량，촉진료식주대양분적흡수，이차능현저개선마령서품질，여마령서괴경적간물질、정분、유생소C、가용성당적함량균현저증가。
Xiangyang is one of the major potato planting areas in Hubei Province. General y, potato is planted in winter, and harvested in the next year spring. Fertilizer is applied only once and the amount is large due to its short growing period. In order to reduce farmers' fertilizer input, save fertilizer resources and improve fertilizer efficiency, effects of the recommended fertilization and the water-soluble organic fertilizer were studied on potato in the Xiangyang area in field experiments. The yield of potato with the recommended fertilization at N 180 kg/ha, P2O5 90 kg/ha, and K2O 210 kg/ha, was similar to that of the farmers' fertilization, however, the amount of the fertilizer was reduced by N 340 kg/ha, P2O5 150 kg/ha and K2O 15 kg/ha, respectively. So it is possible to reduce the farmers' fertilizer application for potato planting in the Xiangyang area, and the cost of fertilizer wil be saved. Potato yield was increased by 10.22%, when treated with recommended fertilization combined with water-soluble organic fertilizer compared with recommended fertilization only, and the ratio of output to input was up to 9.84. Those indicated that recommended fertilization combined with water-soluble organic fertilizer was a useful fertilizing technology. The main mechanism of increased yield of potato treated with water-soluble organic fertilizer was that the content of chlorophyl in potatoes' leaves was increased, and nutrients uptake in plants was also increased. Meanwhile, the quality of potato was improved. The yield of dry matter, and the contents of starch, vitamin C, and soluble sugar in potatoes were increased significantly when treated with water-soluble organic fertilizer.