中国全科医学
中國全科醫學
중국전과의학
CHINESE GENERAL PRACTICE
2015年
2期
138-143
,共6页
郭梦童%吴群红%曲乐萌%宋健%崔宇
郭夢童%吳群紅%麯樂萌%宋健%崔宇
곽몽동%오군홍%곡악맹%송건%최우
获得性免疫缺陷综合征%抗 HIV 药%药物不良反应%生活质量%影响因素分析
穫得性免疫缺陷綜閤徵%抗 HIV 藥%藥物不良反應%生活質量%影響因素分析
획득성면역결함종합정%항 HIV 약%약물불량반응%생활질량%영향인소분석
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome%Anti - HIV agents%Adverse drug reaction%Quality of life%Root cause analysis
目的:探讨接受抗病毒治疗的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)患者服药现状及生命质量影响因素。方法2013年3—8月采用随机抽样法,以黑龙江省哈尔滨市 AIDS 定点医疗机构接受抗病毒治疗的HIV 感染者/ AIDS 患者为调查对象,采用自制的调查问卷及世界卫生组织 HIV 感染者/ AIDS 患者生存质量简表(WHO QOL - HIV - BREF),调查 AIDS 药物治疗患者服药现状、生命质量情况及影响因素。结果本调查共收集有效问卷237份。调查结果显示:抗病毒药物不良反应发生率为81.0%(192例),不良反应发生率前三位的症状为消化道症状71.7%(170例),睡眠质量降低65.8%(156例),皮肤症状58.6%(139例)。HIV 感染者/ AIDS 患者生命质量总体评分为(84.2±18.5)分,其中生理领域评分(15.3±2.8)分、心理领域评分(13.1±3.1)分、独立性领域评分(15.3±2.9)分、社会关系领域评分(13.4±3.1)分、环境领域评分(12.9±2.8)分、精神支柱/个人信仰领域评分(14.2±3.7)分、一般健康状况评分(13.5±2.8)分。单因素分析显示,年龄、婚姻状况、收入水平、药物不良反应因素影响 HIV 感染者/ AIDS 患者生命质量的不同领域。多因素分析结果显示,药物不良反应是 HIV 感染者/ AIDS患者生命质量最重要的影响因素(标准化回归系数=12.902),其次为患者是否住院、受教育程度及感染途径(标准化回归系数=10.255、2.444、-2.374,P <0.05)。结论 HIV 感染者/ AIDS 患者药物不良反应发生率较高,患者存在程度不同的不良反应,患者间应及时沟通交流服药感受、缓解内心压力,减少漏服现象的发生,提高服药依从性,确保抗病毒治疗效果。药物不良反应和是否住院治疗成为影响 AIDS 患者生命质量的重要影响因素。AIDS 药物干预研究的重点应放在改善药物治疗方案、探索更为有效药物治疗和干预方式、完善支持疗法,以及通过更为综合的干预方式来减轻药物不良反应以提升患者的生命质量。
目的:探討接受抗病毒治療的人類免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)患者服藥現狀及生命質量影響因素。方法2013年3—8月採用隨機抽樣法,以黑龍江省哈爾濱市 AIDS 定點醫療機構接受抗病毒治療的HIV 感染者/ AIDS 患者為調查對象,採用自製的調查問捲及世界衛生組織 HIV 感染者/ AIDS 患者生存質量簡錶(WHO QOL - HIV - BREF),調查 AIDS 藥物治療患者服藥現狀、生命質量情況及影響因素。結果本調查共收集有效問捲237份。調查結果顯示:抗病毒藥物不良反應髮生率為81.0%(192例),不良反應髮生率前三位的癥狀為消化道癥狀71.7%(170例),睡眠質量降低65.8%(156例),皮膚癥狀58.6%(139例)。HIV 感染者/ AIDS 患者生命質量總體評分為(84.2±18.5)分,其中生理領域評分(15.3±2.8)分、心理領域評分(13.1±3.1)分、獨立性領域評分(15.3±2.9)分、社會關繫領域評分(13.4±3.1)分、環境領域評分(12.9±2.8)分、精神支柱/箇人信仰領域評分(14.2±3.7)分、一般健康狀況評分(13.5±2.8)分。單因素分析顯示,年齡、婚姻狀況、收入水平、藥物不良反應因素影響 HIV 感染者/ AIDS 患者生命質量的不同領域。多因素分析結果顯示,藥物不良反應是 HIV 感染者/ AIDS患者生命質量最重要的影響因素(標準化迴歸繫數=12.902),其次為患者是否住院、受教育程度及感染途徑(標準化迴歸繫數=10.255、2.444、-2.374,P <0.05)。結論 HIV 感染者/ AIDS 患者藥物不良反應髮生率較高,患者存在程度不同的不良反應,患者間應及時溝通交流服藥感受、緩解內心壓力,減少漏服現象的髮生,提高服藥依從性,確保抗病毒治療效果。藥物不良反應和是否住院治療成為影響 AIDS 患者生命質量的重要影響因素。AIDS 藥物榦預研究的重點應放在改善藥物治療方案、探索更為有效藥物治療和榦預方式、完善支持療法,以及通過更為綜閤的榦預方式來減輕藥物不良反應以提升患者的生命質量。
목적:탐토접수항병독치료적인류면역결함병독(HIV)감염자/애자병(AIDS)환자복약현상급생명질량영향인소。방법2013년3—8월채용수궤추양법,이흑룡강성합이빈시 AIDS 정점의료궤구접수항병독치료적HIV 감염자/ AIDS 환자위조사대상,채용자제적조사문권급세계위생조직 HIV 감염자/ AIDS 환자생존질량간표(WHO QOL - HIV - BREF),조사 AIDS 약물치료환자복약현상、생명질량정황급영향인소。결과본조사공수집유효문권237빈。조사결과현시:항병독약물불량반응발생솔위81.0%(192례),불량반응발생솔전삼위적증상위소화도증상71.7%(170례),수면질량강저65.8%(156례),피부증상58.6%(139례)。HIV 감염자/ AIDS 환자생명질량총체평분위(84.2±18.5)분,기중생리영역평분(15.3±2.8)분、심리영역평분(13.1±3.1)분、독립성영역평분(15.3±2.9)분、사회관계영역평분(13.4±3.1)분、배경영역평분(12.9±2.8)분、정신지주/개인신앙영역평분(14.2±3.7)분、일반건강상황평분(13.5±2.8)분。단인소분석현시,년령、혼인상황、수입수평、약물불량반응인소영향 HIV 감염자/ AIDS 환자생명질량적불동영역。다인소분석결과현시,약물불량반응시 HIV 감염자/ AIDS환자생명질량최중요적영향인소(표준화회귀계수=12.902),기차위환자시부주원、수교육정도급감염도경(표준화회귀계수=10.255、2.444、-2.374,P <0.05)。결론 HIV 감염자/ AIDS 환자약물불량반응발생솔교고,환자존재정도불동적불량반응,환자간응급시구통교류복약감수、완해내심압력,감소루복현상적발생,제고복약의종성,학보항병독치료효과。약물불량반응화시부주원치료성위영향 AIDS 환자생명질량적중요영향인소。AIDS 약물간예연구적중점응방재개선약물치료방안、탐색경위유효약물치료화간예방식、완선지지요법,이급통과경위종합적간예방식래감경약물불량반응이제승환자적생명질량。
Objective To explore the medication status of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infected persons/AIDS patients and the factors influencing their quality of life( QOF). Methods From March to August 2013,in some designated AIDS medical institutions of Harbin,by random sampling method,a self - made questionnaire and WHO QOL - HIV- BREF were used to investigate the medication status of patients taking antiviral drugs,their QOL and its influencing factors. Results A total of 237 valid questionnaires were collected. By the investigation results,the incidence of adverse reaction was 81. 0% (192 cases)in AIDS patients receiving drug treatment,the top 3 of which were symptom of digestive tract(71. 7% , 170 cases),decreased sleep quality(65. 8% ,156 cases),skin symptom(58. 6% ,139 cases). The total QOL score was (84. 2 ± 18. 5)points,thereinto score of physiology(15. 3 ± 2. 8)points,that of psychology(13. 1 ± 3. 1)points,that of independence(15. 3 ± 2. 9)points,that of social relationship(13. 4 ± 3. 1)points,that of spiritual pillar/ belief(14. 2 ± 3. 7)points,that of environment(12. 9 ± 2. 8)points,that of general health(13. 5 ± 2. 8)points. Univariate analysis showed that age,income,marital status,adverse effect were factors influencing HIV infected personsˊ/ AIDS patientsˊ QOL. Multivariate analysis showed that drug adverse reactions were the most important factor influencing patientsˊ QOL(standardized regression coefficient = 12. 902 ),followed by hospitalization treatment educational level,route of infection ( standardized regression coefficient =10. 255,2. 444, -2. 374),the influence was significant(P <0. 05). Conclusion The incidence of drug adverse reactions is high,every patient has varying degrees of adverse reactions. There should be communication of medication feeling timely to relieve the pressure at heart and reduce the incidence of missed medication to improve patientsˊ compliance and ensure the antiviral therapy effect. Adverse reactions,hospitalization treatment are becoming important factors influencing patientsˊ QOL. AIDS drug intervention should be focused on improvement of therapeutic schedule to explore more effective drug treatment and intervention, improve supportive therapy, decrease adverse reactions through comprehensive interventions to improve patientsˊ QOL.