CAJ | 학술논문

空气间隙的放电特性参数具有统计特性，采用数理统计和有限元数值仿真两种方法对空气间隙的放电特性开展了研究。数理统计结果显示：下棒电极高度对棒–棒长空气间隙的50%负极性操作冲击放电电压有一定的影响；20/2500μs操作冲击电压作用下，棒–棒间隙和棒–板间隙的平均击穿时间基本出现在波尾；80/2500μs操作冲击电压作用下，棒–棒间隙和棒–板间隙的平均击穿时间基本出现在波头；10 m 棒–板间隙放电电压服从正态分布，棒–棒间隙的伏秒特性低于棒–板间隙的伏秒特性。静电场计算结果显示：电场不均匀系数随着间隙距离的增大而增大，而间隙距离与电场不均匀系数的比值随着间隙距离的增大呈现饱和趋势，定性地解释了长间隙负极性操作冲击放电的饱和特性。所做工作对特高压输电线路绝缘配合设计具有一定的指导意义。
공기간극적방전특성삼수구유통계특성，채용수리통계화유한원수치방진량충방법대공기간극적방전특성개전료연구。수리통계결과현시：하봉전겁고도대봉–봉장공기간극적50%부겁성조작충격방전전압유일정적영향；20/2500μs조작충격전압작용하，봉–봉간극화봉–판간극적평균격천시간기본출현재파미；80/2500μs조작충격전압작용하，봉–봉간극화봉–판간극적평균격천시간기본출현재파두；10 m 봉–판간극방전전압복종정태분포，봉–봉간극적복초특성저우봉–판간극적복초특성。정전장계산결과현시：전장불균균계수수착간극거리적증대이증대，이간극거리여전장불균균계수적비치수착간극거리적증대정현포화추세，정성지해석료장간극부겁성조작충격방전적포화특성。소주공작대특고압수전선로절연배합설계구유일정적지도의의。
There are statistical parameters in long air gap discharge. Mathematical statistics and finite element simulation were both employed to research deeply on the discharge characteristics. Statistical results indicate that there’s a slightly influence of grounding rod height on the 50% discharge voltage of rod-rod air gaps; breakdown time is almost higher than the wave front time with 20/2500μs switching impulse and it is lower than the wave front time with 80/2500μs; the distribution of discharge voltage in 10m rod-plane gaps obeys the normal distribution; and the V-t characteristics of rod–rod gaps is lower than that of rod-plane. Calculation results indicate that nonuniform coefficient of electric field increases with increasing gap distance; the ratio of gap distance and nonuniform coefficient also increases with the gap distance but tends to level off, indicating a saturated discharge voltage with gap distance. The work conducted in this paper can provide preference to the insulation coordination designation of UHV transmission lines.