沙漠与绿洲气象
沙漠與綠洲氣象
사막여록주기상
DESERT AND OASIS METEOROLOGY
2014年
6期
60-65
,共6页
李海花%候彦芹%李新建%刘大锋
李海花%候彥芹%李新建%劉大鋒
리해화%후언근%리신건%류대봉
春小麦%发育期%积温%日照时数
春小麥%髮育期%積溫%日照時數
춘소맥%발육기%적온%일조시수
Spring wheat%development stage%accumulated temperature%sunshine duration
利用阿勒泰基准站1980—2011年观测资料，进行了阿勒泰市春小麦发育期和光热资源变化，及各发育期日期与≥0℃积温、日照时数的相关性研究。结果表明：全发育期天数的变化呈减少趋势，分蘖、乳熟期、全发育期天数均通过了（P＜0.01）显著性检验；全发育期≥0℃积温和日照时数呈线性减少趋势，拔节、乳熟、成熟期≥0℃积温与年份的相关系数通过了信度0.01的显著性检验；出苗、拔节、乳熟、成熟期和全发育期的日照时数与年份的相关系数通过了（P<0.01）的显著性检验。成熟期日期受成熟期间的日照时数的正相关影响（P＜0.05），分蘖、乳熟期的日期受发育期间的≥0℃积温和日照时数的正相关影响（P＜0.01）。造成这些差异的主要原因可能是各年的气候条件不同，其次是各年份的栽培条件、田间管理（如灌溉、施肥、病虫害防治）等非气象因子的不同所致。作物的生长及发育都是气象因子和非气象因子共同作用的结果。
利用阿勒泰基準站1980—2011年觀測資料，進行瞭阿勒泰市春小麥髮育期和光熱資源變化，及各髮育期日期與≥0℃積溫、日照時數的相關性研究。結果錶明：全髮育期天數的變化呈減少趨勢，分蘗、乳熟期、全髮育期天數均通過瞭（P＜0.01）顯著性檢驗；全髮育期≥0℃積溫和日照時數呈線性減少趨勢，拔節、乳熟、成熟期≥0℃積溫與年份的相關繫數通過瞭信度0.01的顯著性檢驗；齣苗、拔節、乳熟、成熟期和全髮育期的日照時數與年份的相關繫數通過瞭（P<0.01）的顯著性檢驗。成熟期日期受成熟期間的日照時數的正相關影響（P＜0.05），分蘗、乳熟期的日期受髮育期間的≥0℃積溫和日照時數的正相關影響（P＜0.01）。造成這些差異的主要原因可能是各年的氣候條件不同，其次是各年份的栽培條件、田間管理（如灌溉、施肥、病蟲害防治）等非氣象因子的不同所緻。作物的生長及髮育都是氣象因子和非氣象因子共同作用的結果。
이용아륵태기준참1980—2011년관측자료，진행료아륵태시춘소맥발육기화광열자원변화，급각발육기일기여≥0℃적온、일조시수적상관성연구。결과표명：전발육기천수적변화정감소추세，분얼、유숙기、전발육기천수균통과료（P＜0.01）현저성검험；전발육기≥0℃적온화일조시수정선성감소추세，발절、유숙、성숙기≥0℃적온여년빈적상관계수통과료신도0.01적현저성검험；출묘、발절、유숙、성숙기화전발육기적일조시수여년빈적상관계수통과료（P<0.01）적현저성검험。성숙기일기수성숙기간적일조시수적정상관영향（P＜0.05），분얼、유숙기적일기수발육기간적≥0℃적온화일조시수적정상관영향（P＜0.01）。조성저사차이적주요원인가능시각년적기후조건불동，기차시각년빈적재배조건、전간관리（여관개、시비、병충해방치）등비기상인자적불동소치。작물적생장급발육도시기상인자화비기상인자공동작용적결과。
Based on the meteorological observation data in Altay station during 1981-2011, it was analyzed that the change of light and heat resources for spring wheat in its full growth period, and correlation study of each of growth date and ≥0 ℃ effective accumulated temperature solar radiation hours. The results showed that the full growth period was a significant decreasing trend (P<0.01), and the test of significance showed that the effect is remarkable in tillering and milky maturity period. Results also suggested that effective accumulated temperature (≥0 ℃)during full growth period had shown obviously an linear decreasing tendency, and significant correlation between effective accumulated temperature (≥0 ℃)in jointing and mature period and year (P<0.01);there was a decreasing trend of solar radiation hours in full growth period, and it showed that correlation between year and solar radiation hours in emergence, jointing and milky maturity period. Finally, there was a positive correlation between solar radiation hours and date in milky maturity period(P<0.05), similar to ≥0 ℃ effective accumulated temperature in tillering and milky maturity (P<0.01).These differences could be mainly attributed to the different yearly climate conditions, secondly to the dissimilar non -climatic factors such as cultivate,management (irrigation, fertilization,disease and pest controlling)etc. The growth and yields in different year were formed by the joint influence both climatic and non-climatic factors.
