CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探究不同分娩方式对婴幼儿生长发育的影响。方法于2012年11月至2013年3月，在河北省石家庄市城乡随机抽取142名儿童，由专人负责进行问卷调查了解婴幼儿分娩方式以及社会家庭环境状况，同时用贝莉发育评估量表（Bayley）I对婴幼儿的认知发育情况进行评估。测量婴儿身长体重以计算身体质量指数（BMI）和身体质量指数Z评分（BMI-Z）值。结果被调查儿童平均月龄为11．63±8．46（2～30个月），其中男生占53．5％。智能发育指数（MDI）为106．83±15．12分，运动发育指数（PDI）为105．42±15．51分，BMI为17．17±2．26kg／m2。单因素分析结果表明，剖宫产对儿童的MDI（t＝0．724， P＝0．471），BMI（t＝－0．042，P＝0．967）及BMI－Z（t＝－0．219，P＝0．827）均无影响，剖宫产儿童的PDI低于经阴道分娩的儿童（t＝3．219，P＝0．002）。在校正了年龄、性别、BMI、父母受教育程度及出生体重等后，多元线性回归分析的结果表明剖宫产仍与PDI显著相关（β＝－0．292，P＜0．001）。结论剖宫产对儿童PDI有显著影响，早期监测和干预可能有助于改善剖宫产儿童的运动发育。
목적：탐구불동분면방식대영유인생장발육적영향。방법우2012년11월지2013년3월，재하북성석가장시성향수궤추취142명인동，유전인부책진행문권조사료해영유인분면방식이급사회가정배경상황，동시용패리발육평고량표（Bayley）I대영유인적인지발육정황진행평고。측량영인신장체중이계산신체질량지수（BMI）화신체질량지수Z평분（BMI-Z）치。결과피조사인동평균월령위11．63±8．46（2～30개월），기중남생점53．5％。지능발육지수（MDI）위106．83±15．12분，운동발육지수（PDI）위105．42±15．51분，BMI위17．17±2．26kg／m2。단인소분석결과표명，부궁산대인동적MDI（t＝0．724， P＝0．471），BMI（t＝－0．042，P＝0．967）급BMI－Z（t＝－0．219，P＝0．827）균무영향，부궁산인동적PDI저우경음도분면적인동（t＝3．219，P＝0．002）。재교정료년령、성별、BMI、부모수교육정도급출생체중등후，다원선성회귀분석적결과표명부궁산잉여PDI현저상관（β＝－0．292，P＜0．001）。결론부궁산대인동PDI유현저영향，조기감측화간예가능유조우개선부궁산인동적운동발육。
Objective To investigate the influence of delivery mode on cognition and body development of infants .Methods Totally 142 infants were randomly selected from urban and rural areas in Shijiazhuang from November 2012 to March 2013.The delivery mode and social family environment were surveyed with questionnaires by special experts .The Bayley Scales of Infant Development I were conducted on each participated infants .Height and weight were assessed to calculate BMI and BMI-Z value.Results The average age of the surveyed infants was 11.63 ±8.46 months (aged 2-30 months), of which 53.5% were boys.The Mental Development Index (MDI) score and Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) score were 106.83 ±15.12 and 105.42 ±15.51, respectively, and BMI was 17.17 ±2.26kg/m2. Single factor analysis indicated that cesarean section had no influence on MDI (t=0.724, P=0.471), BMI (t=-0.042,P=0.967) and BMI-Z (t=-0.219,P=0.827).But the PDI of infants born with cesarean section was lower than that of infants born by vaginal delivery (t=3.219,P=0.002).After adjusting confounding factors including age , gender, BMI, parents’ educational degree and birth weight, cesarean section was still significantly associated with PDI shown by multiple linear regression analysis (β=-0.292,P<0.001). Conclusion Cesarean section has strong influence on infant ’ s PDI.Early monitor and intervention may improve the motor development of infants born by cesarean section .