CAJ | 학술논문

对物理选矿和化学选矿得到的两种稀土粗精矿进行低温酸化工艺研究，通过正交和单因素实验研究酸矿比(浓硫酸与稀土精矿的质量比)、酸化时间、酸化温度以及液固比对稀土浸出效果的影响。结果表明，酸矿比、酸化时间和酸化温度对稀土粗精矿稀土浸出率的影响显著，最佳条件如下：酸矿质量比1.8：1(精矿Ⅰ)和0.9：1(精矿Ⅱ)，酸化时间2.0 h(精矿Ⅰ)和3.0 h(精矿Ⅱ)，酸化温度150℃。在优化的酸化和浸出条件下，稀土的浸出率分别为90.42%(精矿Ⅰ)和91.35%(精矿Ⅱ)。为研究影响稀土溶出的因素，采用MLA工艺矿物学自动检测系统对优化条件下两种粗精矿酸化浸出后的残渣进行矿物组分的定性分析，证明稀土与硫酸钙形成了复杂难溶硫酸复盐，这是影响稀土浸出率的关键因素。
대물리선광화화학선광득도적량충희토조정광진행저온산화공예연구，통과정교화단인소실험연구산광비(농류산여희토정광적질량비)、산화시간、산화온도이급액고비대희토침출효과적영향。결과표명，산광비、산화시간화산화온도대희토조정광희토침출솔적영향현저，최가조건여하：산광질량비1.8：1(정광Ⅰ)화0.9：1(정광Ⅱ)，산화시간2.0 h(정광Ⅰ)화3.0 h(정광Ⅱ)，산화온도150℃。재우화적산화화침출조건하，희토적침출솔분별위90.42%(정광Ⅰ)화91.35%(정광Ⅱ)。위연구영향희토용출적인소，채용MLA공예광물학자동검측계통대우화조건하량충조정광산화침출후적잔사진행광물조분적정성분석，증명희토여류산개형성료복잡난용류산복염，저시영향희토침출솔적관건인소。
A decomposition process for two rare earth rough concentrates obtained by physical and chemical floatation at low temperature was investigated. The effects of ratio of acid to concentrate (mass ratio of sulfuric acid to RE concentrate), acidification duration, acidification temperature and liquid-to-solid ratio on the leaching rate of rare earth concentrates were investigated by the orthogonal test and single factor test. The results show that mass ratio of concentrate to acid, acidification duration and acidification temperature have significant effects on the leaching rate of the rare earth concentrates, and the optimum conditions are as follows:mass ratio of concentrate to acid of concentratesⅠandⅡare 1.8:1 and 0.9:1, respectively, durations of concentratesⅠandⅡare 2.0 and 3.0 h, respectively, temperatures are both 150 ℃. Under the optimized leaching conditions, the rare earth leaching rates of concentrates Ⅰ and Ⅱ are 90.42%and 91.35%, respectively. The process mineralogy of automatic quantitative mineral technology MLA was used to test the decomposed residues of the two concentrates in order to find out the influencing factors on rare earth leaching rate, and the results prove that it is the critical influence on rare earth leaching rate that rare earth and calcium sulfate form the complex insoluble sulfate.