CAJ | 학술논문

类别学习有多种方式，其中反馈学习与观察学习是两种主要的学习方式。为探讨反馈学习与观察学习的分类策略特点和学习效果，文章以40名大学生为被试，采用单因素被试间设计，通过学习—测试实验范式探讨了两种学习方式对家族相似性类别结构的学习效果。结果发现，在相同的学习信息量下，无论是低水平加工的分类测试、记忆测试还是高水平的推理测试上，观察学习条件下测试正确率显著低于反馈学习条件下。实验表明对于家族相似性类别结构，反馈学习优于观察学习。提供反馈有利于类别学习，使被试对类别刺激进行更深的加工，而不只是简单的识记任务。
유별학습유다충방식，기중반궤학습여관찰학습시량충주요적학습방식。위탐토반궤학습여관찰학습적분류책략특점화학습효과，문장이40명대학생위피시，채용단인소피시간설계，통과학습—측시실험범식탐토료량충학습방식대가족상사성유별결구적학습효과。결과발현，재상동적학습신식량하，무론시저수평가공적분류측시、기억측시환시고수평적추리측시상，관찰학습조건하측시정학솔현저저우반궤학습조건하。실험표명대우가족상사성유별결구，반궤학습우우관찰학습。제공반궤유리우유별학습，사피시대유별자격진행경심적가공，이불지시간단적식기임무。
According to feedback or guidance, category learning is divided into feedback category learning and observation of category learning.To study the classification characteristics and learning strategies, this paper, with 40 college students as subjects, adopts the single factor design between subjects, discusses the learning effect of the two learning styles on the category structure of a family resemblance by learning-testing paradigm types of learning. According to the results of the study, whether the classification of the low level of processing test and single feature or the high level of reasoning test, with the same amount of information, the test accuracy of observational learning is significantly below that of feedback learning.The experimental results show that the family resemblance material feedback learning is slightly better than the effect of observational learning.Feedback to some extent can promote the category learning, and make the participants further process the stimulus material.