农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
2014年
24期
280-287
,共8页
陈彦清%杨建宇%郧文聚%张超%朱德海%向其权
陳彥清%楊建宇%鄖文聚%張超%硃德海%嚮其權
진언청%양건우%운문취%장초%주덕해%향기권
土地利用%等别%编码%耕地质量%网格%省级汇总
土地利用%等彆%編碼%耕地質量%網格%省級彙總
토지이용%등별%편마%경지질량%망격%성급회총
land use%grading%codes%cultivated land quality%grid%provincial integration
耕地质量分等成果由县、省、国家3级成果组成，省级成果由县级成果汇总获取，是农用地分等工作中必不可少的环节。由于传统的汇总方法对汇总底图的过分依赖性，导致汇总效率低下，汇总后的质量完全取决于汇总底图的质量。基于该缺陷，该文提出利用网格取代汇总底图，将县级成果按照“权属-地类-等别”进行分类，根据面积占优原则确定对应网格所属类别，并通过空间最邻近方法寻找距离县级单元最近的网格单元，建立“网格-县级分等单元”的追溯关系。该文提出了以县行政代码、网格所在行列码、等别、地类组成21位省级汇总网格的编码方法。最后利用平均中心和标准差椭圆检验汇总前后耕地空间分布的相似性。以北京市大兴区为研究区进行了实例验证，大兴区根据“地类-自然等-利用等-经济等”组合共分为8类，根据大兴区耕地的分布，最终确定688个有效耕地网格。利用该文方法实现了省级汇总。经过检验表明，汇总前后耕地分布的平均中心和分布方向仅相差405.6 m和0.34°，说明该汇总方法保证了汇总前后耕地空间分布的一致性。与依赖汇总底图的方法相比较，省去了制作底图的工作量，提高了工作效率，并且将省级耕地定位在每个网格中，通过网格编码能够快速查找到对应位置的耕地质量，方便管理和应用。
耕地質量分等成果由縣、省、國傢3級成果組成，省級成果由縣級成果彙總穫取，是農用地分等工作中必不可少的環節。由于傳統的彙總方法對彙總底圖的過分依賴性，導緻彙總效率低下，彙總後的質量完全取決于彙總底圖的質量。基于該缺陷，該文提齣利用網格取代彙總底圖，將縣級成果按照“權屬-地類-等彆”進行分類，根據麵積佔優原則確定對應網格所屬類彆，併通過空間最鄰近方法尋找距離縣級單元最近的網格單元，建立“網格-縣級分等單元”的追溯關繫。該文提齣瞭以縣行政代碼、網格所在行列碼、等彆、地類組成21位省級彙總網格的編碼方法。最後利用平均中心和標準差橢圓檢驗彙總前後耕地空間分佈的相似性。以北京市大興區為研究區進行瞭實例驗證，大興區根據“地類-自然等-利用等-經濟等”組閤共分為8類，根據大興區耕地的分佈，最終確定688箇有效耕地網格。利用該文方法實現瞭省級彙總。經過檢驗錶明，彙總前後耕地分佈的平均中心和分佈方嚮僅相差405.6 m和0.34°，說明該彙總方法保證瞭彙總前後耕地空間分佈的一緻性。與依賴彙總底圖的方法相比較，省去瞭製作底圖的工作量，提高瞭工作效率，併且將省級耕地定位在每箇網格中，通過網格編碼能夠快速查找到對應位置的耕地質量，方便管理和應用。
경지질량분등성과유현、성、국가3급성과조성，성급성과유현급성과회총획취，시농용지분등공작중필불가소적배절。유우전통적회총방법대회총저도적과분의뢰성，도치회총효솔저하，회총후적질량완전취결우회총저도적질량。기우해결함，해문제출이용망격취대회총저도，장현급성과안조“권속-지류-등별”진행분류，근거면적점우원칙학정대응망격소속유별，병통과공간최린근방법심조거리현급단원최근적망격단원，건립“망격-현급분등단원”적추소관계。해문제출료이현행정대마、망격소재행렬마、등별、지류조성21위성급회총망격적편마방법。최후이용평균중심화표준차타원검험회총전후경지공간분포적상사성。이북경시대흥구위연구구진행료실례험증，대흥구근거“지류-자연등-이용등-경제등”조합공분위8류，근거대흥구경지적분포，최종학정688개유효경지망격。이용해문방법실현료성급회총。경과검험표명，회총전후경지분포적평균중심화분포방향부상차405.6 m화0.34°，설명해회총방법보증료회총전후경지공간분포적일치성。여의뢰회총저도적방법상비교，성거료제작저도적공작량，제고료공작효솔，병차장성급경지정위재매개망격중，통과망격편마능구쾌속사조도대응위치적경지질량，방편관리화응용。
The results of cultivated land quality gradation are made of the results of county, provincial, national levels. The results at the provincial level are integrated by the results at the county level. Provincial integration is an essential link in cultivated land quality grading work. The traditional provincial integration methods excessively depend on the provincial integration base map, which makes the integration efficiency low. Moreover, the quality of integration work completely depends on the quality of integration base map. Based on these defects, this paper comes up with a method that uses the grid instead of the integration base map. In provincial integration work, we need to build traceability relation between county units and provincial units. It requires all county units can find provincial units and all provincial units have their corresponding county units. Moreover, there is a principle we have to abide by: the ownership, the land type and the grade should be coincident between the county units and corresponding provincial units. That is “ownership-land type-grade” coincident principle. The purpose of this method is to make spatial distribution of provincial cultivated land quality is similar to that of the county when abiding by this principle. First we need to classify the county results according to“ownership-land type-grade”. Then we determine the corresponding grid category according to the area dominant principle. Through the spatial nearest neighboring method, we find the grid unit closest to the unit at the county level to build “Grid-County grading unit” relations. But maybe there are some categories which can’t be found in the provincial grids. Based this situation, the barycenter of the missing category was firstly calculated, then an uncultivated area grid closest to the barycenter was searched out, and lastly this grid was marked as the missing category. The grid coding method proposed in this paper stipulates that grid code is formed by county’s administrative code, the grid rank, quality gradation and land class code. The length of the code is 21. At last, this paper uses the mean center and standard deviational ellipse to test the similarity of the spatial distribution of cultivated land before and after integration. This paper takes Daxing district, Bejing as a study area. By“ownership-land type-grade”, there are 8 categories in Daxing. According to the distribution of cultivated land in Daxing district, 688 valid cultivated land grids were finally determined. Using the method in this article, we completed the integration at the provincial level for Daxing. After test, it showed that the difference of mean center between provincial grid results and county results is only 405.6 m, and the difference of distribution direction is only 0.34°, which means that this method can ensure the consistency of spatial distribution of cultivated land at different levels. Compared with the method which depends on the integration base map, the method based on grid doesn’t make base map, reduces workload and improves work efficiency. This method orientates the provincial cultivated land into each grid and codes for these grids. Through grid code, we can quickly search cultivated land quality in the corresponding position, which is very convenient for both management and application.
