CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解湘西社区妇女乳腺癌防治认知情况及健康行为形成现状。方法采用整群抽样法，对湘西社区989名25～65岁妇女进行乳腺癌防治知识的问卷调查。结果社区妇女对患乳腺癌后会出现的不同症状和体征的知晓情况有显著性差异，乳腺癌乳房会出现肿块的知晓率（48．94％）明显高于乳房皮肤粗糙有凹陷、乳头有流液及腋下有肿块的知晓率（12．13％、8．19％、5．76％）（χ2＝1327．564，P＜0．01）。不同年龄、民族、学历、职业的社区妇女对乳腺癌症状和体征的认知不同；社区女性对预防乳腺癌的健康行为形成率普遍较低，预防乳腺癌的自我检查、临床触诊、B 超与钼靶 X 线的检查率（5．67％、3．94％、2．83％、0．91％）相比差异有统计学意义（χ2＝45．063，P＜0．05）。低家庭经济月收入（＜500元）的妇女无预防乳腺癌的健康行为，自费与医疗保险人群的健康行为形成率有显著差异（χ2＝46．042，P＜0．01）。结论应通过社区加强重点人群乳腺癌知识的宣传教育和有效筛查，提高妇女对乳腺癌防治的认知水平和健康行为，从而降低乳腺癌发病率和死亡率。
목적：료해상서사구부녀유선암방치인지정황급건강행위형성현상。방법채용정군추양법，대상서사구989명25～65세부녀진행유선암방치지식적문권조사。결과사구부녀대환유선암후회출현적불동증상화체정적지효정황유현저성차이，유선암유방회출현종괴적지효솔（48．94％）명현고우유방피부조조유요함、유두유류액급액하유종괴적지효솔（12．13％、8．19％、5．76％）（χ2＝1327．564，P＜0．01）。불동년령、민족、학력、직업적사구부녀대유선암증상화체정적인지불동；사구녀성대예방유선암적건강행위형성솔보편교저，예방유선암적자아검사、림상촉진、B 초여목파 X 선적검사솔（5．67％、3．94％、2．83％、0．91％）상비차이유통계학의의（χ2＝45．063，P＜0．05）。저가정경제월수입（＜500원）적부녀무예방유선암적건강행위，자비여의료보험인군적건강행위형성솔유현저차이（χ2＝46．042，P＜0．01）。결론응통과사구가강중점인군유선암지식적선전교육화유효사사，제고부녀대유선암방치적인지수평화건강행위，종이강저유선암발병솔화사망솔。
Objective To understand the Xiangxi community women against breast cancer cognitive and health behavior .Methods Using cluster sampling method,989 Xiangxi community women aged 25 ~65 years old were surveyed about breast cancer prevention knowl -edge.Results The women in the community was aware of the situation of the different signs and symptoms of breast cancer ,breast cancer breast lump awareness (48.94%) was significantly higher than breast skin rough ,nipple the flow fluid and underarm mass awareness (12.13%,8.19% and 5.76%) (χ2 =1 327.564,P<0.01).Different age,ethnicity,education,professional women in the community had different awareness of breast cancer symptoms and signs .Self-examination,clinical palpation,B ultrasound checked and X-ray mammography rate (5.67%,3.94%,2.83% and 0.91%) had statistical significance (χ2 =45.063,P<0.05) .The women with low household economy (<500 yuan monthly )had no breast cancer prevention behavior .Health behavior formation rate had significant difference between own ex -pense and medicare population (χ2 =46.042,P<0.01).Conclusions Breast cancer knowledge and effective screening should be strength -ened to improve cognitive level and health behaviors of women for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer ,thereby reducing the inci-dence and mortality of breast cancer.