海洋学报（中文版）
海洋學報（中文版）
해양학보（중문판）
ACTA OCEANOLOGICA SINICA
2015年
1期
125-136
,共12页
王爱军%叶翔%陈坚%黄财宾
王愛軍%葉翔%陳堅%黃財賓
왕애군%협상%진견%황재빈
沉积物捕获器%沉降颗粒物%沉降通量%海岸与陆架%沉积动力
沉積物捕穫器%沉降顆粒物%沉降通量%海岸與陸架%沉積動力
침적물포획기%침강과립물%침강통량%해안여륙가%침적동력
sediment trap%settling particles%settling flux%coast and inner shelf seas%sediment dynamic
运用时间序列的沉积物捕获器对海岸与陆架海域沉降颗粒物进行采集，估算沉降通量，并运用多学科综合研究手段分析沉降颗粒物的来源、组成、时空变化及控制因素，可以为海岸与陆架沉积动力过程的研究提供新的研究手段。福建罗源湾的实验表明，夏季罗源湾潮下带小潮至中潮期间的沉降通量为133．20～256．18 g／（m2·t）；由中潮向大潮变化期间单个潮周期的沉降通量明显增大，台风过后的大潮期间的沉降通量为373．99～590．51 g／（m2·t）；台风显著影响期间的沉降通量为746．34 g／（m2·t）；粒度分析及水动力观测结果显示，观测期间罗源湾潮下带沉降颗粒物主要来源于海底沉积物的再悬浮。台湾海峡西北部内陆架海域的实验研究表明，该海域近底部悬浮颗粒物沉降通量最大值为13．34 g／（m2·d），由小潮向中潮沉降通量逐渐增大，这主要是由于近底部温盐跃层层位上移，近底部垂向混合作用增强，致使底部再悬浮沉积物向上扩散，并最终被沉积物捕获器捕获。沉积物捕获器可以接收到再悬浮沉积物，结合底部边界层过程的观测研究，可以深入认识海底沉积物的侵蚀、沉降及埋藏过程，在研究海岸与陆架区沉积动力学、泥质区沉积记录的形成过程与保存潜力中扮演着十分重要的角色。
運用時間序列的沉積物捕穫器對海岸與陸架海域沉降顆粒物進行採集，估算沉降通量，併運用多學科綜閤研究手段分析沉降顆粒物的來源、組成、時空變化及控製因素，可以為海岸與陸架沉積動力過程的研究提供新的研究手段。福建囉源灣的實驗錶明，夏季囉源灣潮下帶小潮至中潮期間的沉降通量為133．20～256．18 g／（m2·t）；由中潮嚮大潮變化期間單箇潮週期的沉降通量明顯增大，檯風過後的大潮期間的沉降通量為373．99～590．51 g／（m2·t）；檯風顯著影響期間的沉降通量為746．34 g／（m2·t）；粒度分析及水動力觀測結果顯示，觀測期間囉源灣潮下帶沉降顆粒物主要來源于海底沉積物的再懸浮。檯灣海峽西北部內陸架海域的實驗研究錶明，該海域近底部懸浮顆粒物沉降通量最大值為13．34 g／（m2·d），由小潮嚮中潮沉降通量逐漸增大，這主要是由于近底部溫鹽躍層層位上移，近底部垂嚮混閤作用增彊，緻使底部再懸浮沉積物嚮上擴散，併最終被沉積物捕穫器捕穫。沉積物捕穫器可以接收到再懸浮沉積物，結閤底部邊界層過程的觀測研究，可以深入認識海底沉積物的侵蝕、沉降及埋藏過程，在研究海岸與陸架區沉積動力學、泥質區沉積記錄的形成過程與保存潛力中扮縯著十分重要的角色。
운용시간서렬적침적물포획기대해안여륙가해역침강과립물진행채집，고산침강통량，병운용다학과종합연구수단분석침강과립물적래원、조성、시공변화급공제인소，가이위해안여륙가침적동력과정적연구제공신적연구수단。복건라원만적실험표명，하계라원만조하대소조지중조기간적침강통량위133．20～256．18 g／（m2·t）；유중조향대조변화기간단개조주기적침강통량명현증대，태풍과후적대조기간적침강통량위373．99～590．51 g／（m2·t）；태풍현저영향기간적침강통량위746．34 g／（m2·t）；립도분석급수동력관측결과현시，관측기간라원만조하대침강과립물주요래원우해저침적물적재현부。태만해협서북부내륙가해역적실험연구표명，해해역근저부현부과립물침강통량최대치위13．34 g／（m2·d），유소조향중조침강통량축점증대，저주요시유우근저부온염약층층위상이，근저부수향혼합작용증강，치사저부재현부침적물향상확산，병최종피침적물포획기포획。침적물포획기가이접수도재현부침적물，결합저부변계층과정적관측연구，가이심입인식해저침적물적침식、침강급매장과정，재연구해안여륙가구침적동역학、니질구침적기록적형성과정여보존잠력중분연착십분중요적각색。
Marine particles contain a lot of information on chemical,physical,biological processes in the interior of the ocean.Using time-series sediment trap for collecting the settling particles estimating the settling fluxes,and an-alyzing their sources,compositions and temporal and spatial variations and associated controlled factors by compre-hensive methods,can provide a new method for the research of sediment dynamic process in coast and shelf seas. Two experiments were carried out in Luoyuan Bay of Fujian Province and inner shelf in northwest Taiwan Strait in July,2012.The estimated settling fluxes of the experiment in Luoyuan Bay by cylinder trap increased from neap tide to spring tide.During the neap tide,the near-bed settling fluxes ranged from 133.20 to 256.18 g/(m2 .t), while the values in spring tide ranged from 373.99 to 590.51 g/(m2 .t),and the maximum value was 746.34 g/(m2 .t)which occurred at the early spring tide with strong effect of typhoon event.The results of grain size a-nalysis and hydrodynamic measurement indicated that the near-bed settling particles originated from surface sedi-ment resuspension.The maximum near-bed settling flux of the experiment in Taiwan Strait by cone trap during the observation was 13.34 g/(m2 .d)which occurred at neap tide,while the settling fluxes increased from inter-mediate tide to neap tide.During the middle-late stage of the measurement,the near-bed thermocline and halocline varied upward and the vertical mixture was enhanced,which led the resuspended sediment diffused upward and in-creased the settling flux ultimately.These two experimental results indicate that the sediment trap combined with the measurement of bottom boundary layer may play an important role in the research of sediment dynamic proces-ses,sediment record formation and preservation in the muddy deposited system in coast and inner shelf seas.
