CAJ | 학술논문

本研究采用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳( PCR-DGGE )技术结合DGGE 图谱条带的克隆和测序比较了绵羊瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃和皱胃菌群的多样性,同时对菌群进行了聚类分析和主成分分析。结果表明：绵羊瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃和皱胃内容物DGGE图谱的平均条带数分别为18、13、16和15条；瘤胃和瓣胃内菌群的多样性指数、均匀度和丰富度均较高,分别为2.83、0.79、17.00和2.82、0.79、16.80,而网胃和皱胃内容物较低,分别为2.52、0.70、12.60和2.73、0.76、15.40；聚类分析结果显示不同胃的内容物菌群具有一定差异,但不同动物个体相同胃的内容物相似性系数均高于0.63；PCR-DGGE 图谱中测序的条带大多数归为拟杆菌门( Bacte-roidetes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),优势菌群为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)细菌、拟杆菌门(Bacte-roidetes)细菌、未培养瘤胃细菌( uncultured rumen bacterium)、未培养细菌( uncultured bacterium)和韦荣球菌科( Veillonellaceae)细菌,特异性细菌为不动杆菌属( Acinetobacter sp.)细菌和瘤胃球菌属( Ruminococcaceae)细菌。结果提示,绵羊4个胃中均含有种类丰富和数量巨大的细菌,且随着消化道部位由前往后的顺序,菌群的多样性呈现先高后降低再升高的趋势。
본연구채용취합매련식반응-변성제도응효전영( PCR-DGGE )기술결합DGGE 도보조대적극륭화측서비교료면양류위、망위、판위화추위균군적다양성,동시대균군진행료취류분석화주성분분석。결과표명：면양류위、망위、판위화추위내용물DGGE도보적평균조대수분별위18、13、16화15조；류위화판위내균군적다양성지수、균균도화봉부도균교고,분별위2.83、0.79、17.00화2.82、0.79、16.80,이망위화추위내용물교저,분별위2.52、0.70、12.60화2.73、0.76、15.40；취류분석결과현시불동위적내용물균군구유일정차이,단불동동물개체상동위적내용물상사성계수균고우0.63；PCR-DGGE 도보중측서적조대대다수귀위의간균문( Bacte-roidetes)화후벽균문(Firmicutes),우세균군위후벽균문(Firmicutes)세균、의간균문(Bacte-roidetes)세균、미배양류위세균( uncultured rumen bacterium)、미배양세균( uncultured bacterium)화위영구균과( Veillonellaceae)세균,특이성세균위불동간균속( Acinetobacter sp.)세균화류위구균속( Ruminococcaceae)세균。결과제시,면양4개위중균함유충류봉부화수량거대적세균,차수착소화도부위유전왕후적순서,균군적다양성정현선고후강저재승고적추세。
In order to compare the bacterial flora diversity of rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum from sheep, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ( PCR-DGGE) analysis compounded with cloning and sequencing of bands in DGGE profiles were used, and cluster analysis and principal constitu-ent analysis ( PCA) of bacterial flora were carried out. The results showed as follows: the average number of DGGE bands of contents in rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum was 18, 13, 16 and 15, respectively;Shannon diversity index, evenness and richness of bacteria in rumen and omasum were higher, which were 2.83, 0.79 and 17.00, and 2.82, 0.79 and 16.80, respectively, however, those of reticulum and abomasum were lower, which were 2.52, 0.70 and 12.60, and 2.73, 0.76 and 15.40, respectively; clustering analysis results suggested that there were some differences in bacterial flora among the contents in different stomachs, but the similarity coefficients from the same segment of stomach of different animals were all above 0.63;most of the sequenced bands belonged to Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, uncultured rumen bacterium, uncultured bacterium and Veillonellaceae were predominant in stomach, while the special bacteria were Acinetobacter sp. and Ruminococcaceae bacteria. In conclusion, there are rich kinds and large a-mount of bacteria in the four stomachs of sheep. With rearward moving of position of intestinal tract, the diver-sity increased firstly and then decreased and finally increased.