CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的甜菜碱对肉鸡生长性能、脂质代谢及肌肉风味品质的影响。选用1日龄爱拔益加( AA)健康肉公鸡240只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每重复10只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.05%、0.10%和0.20%甜菜碱的试验饲粮。试验全期42 d,前期为第1~21天,后期为第22~42天。结果表明：与对照组相比,0.20%甜菜碱能够显著提高肉鸡前、后、全期平均日增重和前、后期体重( P<0.05),显著降低全期料重比( P<0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加甜菜碱显著提高了肉鸡胸肌中肌苷酸含量及胸肌和腿肌中肌肉脂肪、风味氨基酸和总游离氨基酸含量(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,0.20%甜菜碱能够显著增加肉鸡胸肌和腿肌饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸含量,以及胸肌多不饱和脂肪酸含量和不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸( P<0.05)。与对照组相比,0.20%甜菜碱显著降低血清中甘油三酯、总胆固醇和脂联素含量(P<0.05),显著提高血清中高密度脂蛋白、瘦素和胰岛素含量( P<0.05)。由此可见,肉鸡饲粮中添加甜菜碱可以提高肉鸡的生长性能,促进脂质代谢,改善肌肉风味品质,以0.20%添加效果为最佳。
본시험지재연구사량중첨가불동수평적첨채감대육계생장성능、지질대사급기육풍미품질적영향。선용1일령애발익가( AA)건강육공계240지,수궤분위4조,매조6개중복,매중복10지。대조조사위기출사량,시험조분별사위재기출사량중첨가0.05%、0.10%화0.20%첨채감적시험사량。시험전기42 d,전기위제1~21천,후기위제22~42천。결과표명：여대조조상비,0.20%첨채감능구현저제고육계전、후、전기평균일증중화전、후기체중( P<0.05),현저강저전기료중비( P<0.05)。여대조조상비,사량중첨가첨채감현저제고료육계흉기중기감산함량급흉기화퇴기중기육지방、풍미안기산화총유리안기산함량(P<0.05)。여대조조상비,0.20%첨채감능구현저증가육계흉기화퇴기포화지방산、불포화지방산、단불포화지방산함량,이급흉기다불포화지방산함량화불포화지방산/포화지방산( P<0.05)。여대조조상비,0.20%첨채감현저강저혈청중감유삼지、총담고순화지련소함량(P<0.05),현저제고혈청중고밀도지단백、수소화이도소함량( P<0.05)。유차가견,육계사량중첨가첨채감가이제고육계적생장성능,촉진지질대사,개선기육풍미품질,이0.20%첨가효과위최가。
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of betaine on growth performance, lipid metabolism and flavor quality in muscle of broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old healthy Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly al-lotted to 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate. Control group was fed a basal diet and 3 experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with betaine of 0.05%, 0.10%and 0.20%, respectively. The whole experiment lasted for 42 days, and from day 1 to day 21 was prior period, while from day 22 to day 42 was later period. The results showed as follows:compared with control group, supplementing 0.20%betaine signif-icantly increased average daily gain and body weight in the prior, later and whole periods ( P<0.05) , and signifi-cantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain of broilers in whole period ( P<0.05) . Compared with the control group, betaine supplemented in diets significantly improved inosinic acid content in breast muscle, and the contents of in-tramuscular fat, flavor amino acid and total free amino acid in breast and thigh muscles of broilers (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the contents of saturated fatty acid ( SFA) , unsaturated fatty acid ( UFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid in breast and thigh muscles, and polyunsaturated fatty acid content and UFA/SFA in breast muscle were significantly increased in 0.20% betaine group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, 0.20% betaine group had significantly lower contents of triglyceride, total cholesterol and adponectin (P<0.05), and significantly higher contents of high-density lipoproteins, leptin and insulin in serum of broilers ( P<0.05) . In conclusion, supplementing betaine in diet can significantly improve growth performance, and promote flavor quali-ty in muscle and lipid metabolism of broilers. The optimal level of betaine supplemented in diet is 0.20%.