CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在评价补充微囊氨基酸条件下鱼粉蛋白和发酵酶解豆粕蛋白不同配比对日本沼虾生长和免疫性能的影响。试验配制5组等氮等能饲料，以发酵酶解豆粕分别替代饲料中0( FM组)、25%( R25组)、50%( R50组)、75%( R75组)以及100%的鱼粉( R100组)(鱼粉蛋白与发酵酶解豆粕蛋白配比分别为1∶0、3∶1、1∶1、1∶3和0∶1)，对平均体重为(0.1030±0.0002) g的日本沼虾进行8周的饲养试验，随后对各组虾进行嗜水气单胞菌感染试验。每组设5个重复，每个重复50尾虾。结果表明：当鱼粉蛋白与发酵酶解豆粕蛋白配比为1∶1时，日本沼虾的增重率达到最大，显著高于 FM 和 R100组(P<0.05)，各组日本沼虾的存活率无显著差异(P>0.05)；各组日本沼虾的肝胰腺超氧化物歧化酶( SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶( GSH-Px)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量无显著差异(P>0.05)；FM组日本沼虾的血细胞总数及血淋巴吞噬活性均显著高于R100组( P<0.05)；肝胰腺中热应激同源蛋白70和热应激蛋白90的mRNA相对表达水平分别在FM和R25组达到最高，显著高于其余各组( P<0.05)；当发酵酶解豆粕替代鱼粉比例超过50%时，嗜水气单胞菌感染后日本沼虾的累计死亡率显著增加( P<0.05)。由此可见，发酵酶解豆粕可作为日本沼虾饲料中较好的蛋白质源，在氨基酸平衡条件下鱼粉蛋白和发酵酶解豆粕蛋白的最佳配比为1∶1。
본시험지재평개보충미낭안기산조건하어분단백화발효매해두박단백불동배비대일본소하생장화면역성능적영향。시험배제5조등담등능사료，이발효매해두박분별체대사료중0( FM조)、25%( R25조)、50%( R50조)、75%( R75조)이급100%적어분( R100조)(어분단백여발효매해두박단백배비분별위1∶0、3∶1、1∶1、1∶3화0∶1)，대평균체중위(0.1030±0.0002) g적일본소하진행8주적사양시험，수후대각조하진행기수기단포균감염시험。매조설5개중복，매개중복50미하。결과표명：당어분단백여발효매해두박단백배비위1∶1시，일본소하적증중솔체도최대，현저고우 FM 화 R100조(P<0.05)，각조일본소하적존활솔무현저차이(P>0.05)；각조일본소하적간이선초양화물기화매( SOD)、곡광감태과양화물매( GSH-Px)활력급병이철(MDA)함량무현저차이(P>0.05)；FM조일본소하적혈세포총수급혈림파탄서활성균현저고우R100조( P<0.05)；간이선중열응격동원단백70화열응격단백90적mRNA상대표체수평분별재FM화R25조체도최고，현저고우기여각조( P<0.05)；당발효매해두박체대어분비례초과50%시，기수기단포균감염후일본소하적루계사망솔현저증가( P<0.05)。유차가견，발효매해두박가작위일본소하사료중교호적단백질원，재안기산평형조건하어분단백화발효매해두박단백적최가배비위1∶1。
This experiment was conducted to evalute the effects of different protein ratios of fish meal to fer-mented and enzymolysis soybean meal with microencapsulated amino acid supplementation in diets on growth and immune performance of oriental river prawn ( Macrobrachium nipponense ) . Fermented enzymolysis soy-bean meal replaced 0 ( FM group) , 25% ( R25 group) , 50% ( R50 group) , 75% ( R75 group) and 100% of fish meal ( R100 group) ( the protein ratios of fish meal to fermented and enzymolysis soybean meal were 1∶0, 3 ∶1, 1∶1, 1∶3 and 0∶1, respectively) in five isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets, respectively. The oriental river prawn with the average body weight of (0.103 0±0.000 2) g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 rep-licates in each group and 50 prawns in each replicate. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. After the feeding ex-periment, the prawns were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The results showed that weight gain rate and specific growth rate were the highest when the protein ratio of fish meal to fermented and enzymolysis soy-bean meal was 1∶1, and were significantly higher than those in the FM and R100 groups ( P<0.05) , while no significant difference was observed in survival ratio among all groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) and the con-tent of malondialdehyde (MDA) in hepatopancreas among all groups (P>0.05). The total haemocyte count ( THC) and haemolymph phagocytic activity in the FM group were significantly higher than those in the R100 group ( P<0.05) . The hepatopancreas heat shock cognate protein ( HSC70) mRNA relative expression level in the FM group was the highest, and significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05), the same of heat shock protein 90 ( HSP90) in R25 group ( P<0.05) . Additionally, the cumulative mortality was signifi-cantly increased when the ratio of fish meal replacement with fermented and enzymolysis soybean meal was more than 50% after challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Therefore, fermented and enzymolysis soybean meal can be an appropriate protein source in the diet of oriental river prawn, and the optimal dietary protein ra-tio of fish meal to fermented and enzymolysis soybean meal for oriental river prawn is 1∶1 under the condition of amino acid balance.