CAJ | 학술논문

在西方古代社会里，由于受到宗教神权的影响，人处于边缘化的无权地位。为了以人权取代神权，现代社会把人确立为权利主体。随着人成为权利主体，自然就逐渐沦落为人类征服改造的对象，从而导致了严重的自然破坏。为了拯救自然，人们开始将人类的权利扩大到自然身上，试图通过赋予自然以权利来达到保护自然的目的。然而问题在于，自然并非一个权利的主体，自然无法运用和捍卫自身的权利，赋予自然以权利并不能阻止人们对于自然的破坏。因此，为了达到保护自然的目的，实现人与自然和谐相处，人们应该从自身出发，把自己从权利主体变为责任权利，主动地承担起对自然的责任。不过，人类对自然负责，并不意味着人类是自然的主人，人类必须尊重自然的本性，自觉成为自然的守护者。
재서방고대사회리，유우수도종교신권적영향，인처우변연화적무권지위。위료이인권취대신권，현대사회파인학립위권리주체。수착인성위권리주체，자연취축점륜락위인류정복개조적대상，종이도치료엄중적자연파배。위료증구자연，인문개시장인류적권리확대도자연신상，시도통과부여자연이권리래체도보호자연적목적。연이문제재우，자연병비일개권리적주체，자연무법운용화한위자신적권리，부여자연이권리병불능조지인문대우자연적파배。인차，위료체도보호자연적목적，실현인여자연화해상처，인문응해종자신출발，파자기종권리주체변위책임권리，주동지승담기대자연적책임。불과，인류대자연부책，병불의미착인류시자연적주인，인류필수존중자연적본성，자각성위자연적수호자。
In ancient Western society,influenced by Religious theocracy,human had been placed in mar-ginalized powerless status.In order to replace theocracy by human rights,modern society began to establish human as the subj ect of right.Human becoming the subj ect of right,it means that nature becomes the obj ect of conquering and transformation,so nature has been damaged severely.In order to save nature,human be-gan to extend the human rights to nature,attempting to protect nature in this way.But nature isn't a subj ect of right,therefore it can't use and protect its rights by itself.So endowing nature human rights can't stop hu-man being from destructing nature.For the goal of protecting nature and realizing human harmonious coexis-tence with nature,people should transform from the subj ect of right to subj ect of responsibility,taking the responsibility for nature.However,human being responsible for nature does not mean that human is the mas-ter of nature.Instead human should follow the character of nature and become the watchman of nature con-sciously.