CAJ | 학술논문

香蕉是全球贸易量第一、产量第二的大宗水果，也是中国产量位居前五的水果之一，但它却是中国唯一存在贸易逆差的大宗水果。在国内香蕉不断增产的情况下，香蕉进口数量仍然保持上涨，表明国内市场需求巨大，但同时存在巨大产后损失，其损失量相当于中国香蕉进口量的2倍以上。该文对中国香蕉产地初加工技术进行了分类整理，在遵循层次性、稳定性、开放性、现实性等系统原则的基础上，采用线性分类法对香蕉产地初加工技术进行了纵向层次划分，按所选定的若干个属性或特征逐次地分成相应的类目，形成了以大类、中类、小类、子类划分的层次分明、逐渐展开的分类体系，简洁、清晰地揭示出香蕉产地初加工技术系统的结构与功能。基于上述分类，对目前使用较为广泛的技术进行集成，形成了4种技术集成方案。并对其适用性进行了评价。
향초시전구무역량제일、산량제이적대종수과，야시중국산량위거전오적수과지일，단타각시중국유일존재무역역차적대종수과。재국내향초불단증산적정황하，향초진구수량잉연보지상창，표명국내시장수구거대，단동시존재거대산후손실，기손실량상당우중국향초진구량적2배이상。해문대중국향초산지초가공기술진행료분류정리，재준순층차성、은정성、개방성、현실성등계통원칙적기출상，채용선성분류법대향초산지초가공기술진행료종향층차화분，안소선정적약간개속성혹특정축차지분성상응적류목，형성료이대류、중류、소류、자류화분적층차분명、축점전개적분류체계，간길、청석지게시출향초산지초가공기술계통적결구여공능。기우상술분류，대목전사용교위엄범적기술진행집성，형성료4충기술집성방안。병대기괄용성진행료평개。
Banana is the worldwide 2nd fruit with the biggest trade,it is also the only one of top five fruits with trade deficit compared with the other four, like apple, citrus, pear and peach, having great contributions to fruits export business in China. The import quantity of banana is continuing to rise even as the increasing production recent years, meanwhile the loss of banana in its producing area is approaching one million, almost two times of its export quantity in China, which suggests that loss reduction will contribute to shrink the trade deficit. Based on the statistics, more than 700 projects about banana research were approved by the Chinese governments and almost 500 scientific research institutions and universities were involved. However, few of them were about loss reduction in producing areas. Further researches about the exiting preliminary processing technologies may reduce banana loss in its producing area, then trying a new way to break through the bottleneck problem of banana industries and improve banana industry in China. This study has collected all harvesting, plantation transportation, commercialization, storage and transport technologies used currently in banana producing area, do further classification for all those preliminary processing technologies, and integrated four principal technology chains, then gave more information about the current Chinese banana production industry. Compared with other well-developed banana producers in the world, the gaps about large-scale production, market internationalization, technology integration, equipment serialization, facilities supporting and logistics professionalization of Chinese banana production industry are still obvious, which directly induced Chinese banana products showing no international competitiveness, no high-end brands, and only sharing the lower and middle markets. However, large-scale banana plantations are not fully accords with the retails-dominated condition in China, and it is still far away from current situation. Based on that status, how to use the current technologies to promote banana industries upgrade is a tough issue in China. This study attempt to give a feasible way to decrease the loss of banana in its producing area by integrating pre-existing technologies and optimizing organizational modes, and could be used as a reference for the development of Chinese banana industry now and in the future. Actually, how to reduce loss in producing area is a common issue in almost every fruit and vegetable industry, and currently speaking, there is no solution. The research method used in this study, starting from the existing technologies, collecting all harvesting, plantation transportation, commercialization, and storage and transport technologies, classified and integrated, then matched with organizational modes, might be giving a new thought to the other fruits and vegetables industries researches. Taking full advantages of the current technologies could not just give an orientation to information polices and regulations, implement industries development strategy, and upgrade industrial structure, also avoiding the overlapping researches resources and government investments. Fully understanding of preliminary processing technologies and engineering, classification, integration of preliminary processing technology in producing areas could be an attempt to face the loss problems of fruits and vegetables in producing area. Reducing loss and improving quality of fruits and vegetables in the producing area could drive the whole industry development.