CAJ | 학술논문

该文以内蒙古草原为例,采用实地调研与文献检索相结合的方法,对中国北方草原资源现状、经营利用情况、存在的现实问题、生态保护措施及所取得成就进行了客观述评。结果表明：内蒙古拥有各类天然草原约8666.7万hm2,约占中国国土面积的27.2%,是中国北方重要生态屏障。但是,由于受超载经营和不合理利用等因素影响,草原退化、沙化面积仍占到区域国土面积的90%以上,草原自然灾害频发仍是影响区域生态安全的重要隐患。本世纪以来,中国颁布多项保护政策,实施了多项重大生态建设工程,草原退化趋势基本实现“整体遏止和局部好转”。但维护草原生态功能必须突出草原转型与休养生息战略,实现依法治草。同时,严格草原开发环境准入制度,加强沙化草原土壤修复,发展草原环境友好型替代产业,进一步完善草原生态补偿制度,以缓解开发与保护矛盾,确保草原生态屏障安全。
해문이내몽고초원위례,채용실지조연여문헌검색상결합적방법,대중국북방초원자원현상、경영이용정황、존재적현실문제、생태보호조시급소취득성취진행료객관술평。결과표명：내몽고옹유각류천연초원약8666.7만hm2,약점중국국토면적적27.2%,시중국북방중요생태병장。단시,유우수초재경영화불합리이용등인소영향,초원퇴화、사화면적잉점도구역국토면적적90%이상,초원자연재해빈발잉시영향구역생태안전적중요은환。본세기이래,중국반포다항보호정책,실시료다항중대생태건설공정,초원퇴화추세기본실현“정체알지화국부호전”。단유호초원생태공능필수돌출초원전형여휴양생식전략,실현의법치초。동시,엄격초원개발배경준입제도,가강사화초원토양수복,발전초원배경우호형체대산업,진일보완선초원생태보상제도,이완해개발여보호모순,학보초원생태병장안전。
Taking the example of the steppe in Inner Mongolia, the paper reviews the status and problems of northern steppe objectively by field research combined with document retrieval. Inner Mongolia is an important eco-logical barrier in northern China with natural grassland of over 866 . 67 billion hm2 , which cover 27 . 2% of the na-tional territorial area. However, due to factors like overloaded exploitation and irrational utilization, above 90% of grassland in this region faces ecological degradation and desertification, as well as the potential risk of frequent nat-ural hazard. In the new century, through the enactment of protective policies and the implementation of ecological projects, the situation turned out much better than it used to be. The paper emphasizes the importance of steppe re-habilitation and remediation, and responds several suggestions to ensure the security of the grassland such as to transform the development mode, perfect the ecological compensation system, strictly enforce exploration access rules and so on.