CAJ | 학술논문

京津冀都市圈作为全国主要的重化工业基地，区域性大气污染问题成为关注的焦点。NO2作为二次颗粒物及光化学污染物的重要前体物，了解其在时空尺度的污染特征对于保护公众康健及大气污染综合治理具有重要意义。本研究主要基于OMI遥感反演数据并结合部分地面监测数据，研究了2005—2013年京津冀NO2区域污染特征。结果表明：京津冀NO2柱浓度总体呈现逐年升高的趋势，年平均增长速率可达5.69%。在空间格局上呈东南平原区高、西北山区低的特征，平原的年均柱浓度是山区的3倍多；平原区存在两大NO2高值区域，分别为北京-天津-唐山区域和石家庄-邢台-邯郸区域；9年内， NO2高值范围不断扩大，且呈现明显的连片趋势。各城市大气 NO2在9年内的增长趋势也表现出明显的空间差异性。其中石家庄、唐山、邢台等 NO2重度污染区域的增长速率最大，衡水、沧州、秦皇岛、廊坊等中度污染区域的增长速率次之，承德、张家口等轻度污染区域的增长速率最小。京津冀NO2柱浓度具有显著的季节变化特征，总体表现为秋冬高、春夏低，但山区与平原区差异较大。人口密度、能源消耗、机动车排放等人为因素与京津冀 NO2污染密切相关，不同城市的首要影响因素却不同。北京 NO2柱浓度变化主要受机动车排放影响，天津、唐山、石家庄、邯郸、邢台地区主要受工业燃煤的影响，其次为机动车排放。人为因素对平原区NO2柱浓度的影响作用始终占据主导地位，对山区的主导作用从2006年开始突显。此外，京津冀平原区NO2重污染中心的形成还受到特殊地形和不利的气象条件影响。2008奥运年，京津冀空气质量得到迅速且有效的改善，说明北京及周边省市联合开展大气污染治理及监管工作的有效性及必要性。
경진기도시권작위전국주요적중화공업기지，구역성대기오염문제성위관주적초점。NO2작위이차과립물급광화학오염물적중요전체물，료해기재시공척도적오염특정대우보호공음강건급대기오염종합치리구유중요의의。본연구주요기우OMI요감반연수거병결합부분지면감측수거，연구료2005—2013년경진기NO2구역오염특정。결과표명：경진기NO2주농도총체정현축년승고적추세，년평균증장속솔가체5.69%。재공간격국상정동남평원구고、서북산구저적특정，평원적년균주농도시산구적3배다；평원구존재량대NO2고치구역，분별위북경-천진-당산구역화석가장-형태-함단구역；9년내， NO2고치범위불단확대，차정현명현적련편추세。각성시대기 NO2재9년내적증장추세야표현출명현적공간차이성。기중석가장、당산、형태등 NO2중도오염구역적증장속솔최대，형수、창주、진황도、랑방등중도오염구역적증장속솔차지，승덕、장가구등경도오염구역적증장속솔최소。경진기NO2주농도구유현저적계절변화특정，총체표현위추동고、춘하저，단산구여평원구차이교대。인구밀도、능원소모、궤동차배방등인위인소여경진기 NO2오염밀절상관，불동성시적수요영향인소각불동。북경 NO2주농도변화주요수궤동차배방영향，천진、당산、석가장、함단、형태지구주요수공업연매적영향，기차위궤동차배방。인위인소대평원구NO2주농도적영향작용시종점거주도지위，대산구적주도작용종2006년개시돌현。차외，경진기평원구NO2중오염중심적형성환수도특수지형화불리적기상조건영향。2008오운년，경진기공기질량득도신속차유효적개선，설명북경급주변성시연합개전대기오염치리급감관공작적유효성급필요성。
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) economic region is one of the major national heavy industrial area. Regional air contamination in this region becomes one of the focus problems for social public concern. NO2 as an important precursor of secondary particle and photochemical pollutants, having its detailed knowledge of spatial and temporal characteristics is great important for public health and atmospheric pollution management. Based on remote sensing data derived from OMI sensor and ground-based observation data, the temporal-spatial characteristics of NO2over the BTH area was analyzed from 2005 to 2013. The ground monitoring and remote sensing results have high consistency both in regional distribution and change trend. The result showed that the regional average value has an increasing trend and the high NO2 regions mainly distributed in plain areas. The annual increasing rate in whole region is 5.69% and the mean value in plain area is more than three times than mountain areas. There are two high NO2 areas in the plain, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region and Shijiazhuang -Xingtai-Handan region, expanding and becoming continuous regions. NO2 growth trend also showed significant spatial differences in 9 years. The growth rates in Shijiazhuang, Tangshan and Xingtai are higher than Hengshui, Changzhou, Qinhuangdao and Langfang’s. The growth rates in Chengde and Zhangjiakou are minimized. BTH NO2 was also showed a significant seasonal variation, NO2 in autumn and winter were higher than spring and summer. However, it was different in mountain and plain areas. Anthropogenic resources, such as the density of population, energy consumption and vehicle emission, are closely related to NO2 pollution in BTH. And the main factor is distinct in different heavily polluted cities. The tropospheric column NO2in Beijing is mainly affected by vehicle, while the principle influence in Tianjin and Hebei is industrial consumption. Anthropogenic emissions dominate the NO2 column concentration over plain areas in 9 years and over mountain areas after 2006. In addition, the NO2 heavy pollution in BTH is also influenced by the special terrain and weather conditions. The air quality has been improving rapidly and effectively in 2008, indicating that it is effectiveness and necessity for Beijing and neighboring provinces with joint air pollution control and supervision work.