CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解绵阳市农村社区人群的心理健康和精神卫生知识知晓情况。方法采用整群随机抽样方法，随机选取绵阳市2个乡镇总计2060人，采用由中南大学公共卫生学院编制的精神卫生与心理保健知识问卷进行调查。结果1984人完成有效问卷调查，其中男986人，女998人，平均得分为(9.18±3.82)分，知晓率明显偏低。问卷得分在性别、年龄、经济状况、文化程度、职业状况方面差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)；多元线性逐步回归分析发现，文化程度、经济状况和年龄为精神卫生知识知晓率的独立相关因素，其标准回归系数分别为0.11、0.08、-0.09(均P<0.01)；问卷中的20个题目整体内部信度一般(alpha=0.73，Split-Half=0.57)，且问卷中4个分量表有3个的内部信度均偏低(alpha=0.27、0.47、0.68)。结论绵阳市农村社区人群的心理健康和精神卫生知识知晓率偏低，亟待进一步提高，尤其是关于精神卫生纪念日和精神疾病病因的认识，更需加大宣教普及力度。农村人群的人口学特征性导致知晓率的存在明显差异，因此需要针对人群特点制订相应的宣传教育方式，从而全面提高农村社区人群的知晓率。此外，调查问卷需要进一步改善设计，评估其效度，并提高其内部信度。
목적：료해면양시농촌사구인군적심리건강화정신위생지식지효정황。방법채용정군수궤추양방법，수궤선취면양시2개향진총계2060인，채용유중남대학공공위생학원편제적정신위생여심리보건지식문권진행조사。결과1984인완성유효문권조사，기중남986인，녀998인，평균득분위(9.18±3.82)분，지효솔명현편저。문권득분재성별、년령、경제상황、문화정도、직업상황방면차이유고도통계학의의(P<0.01)；다원선성축보회귀분석발현，문화정도、경제상황화년령위정신위생지식지효솔적독립상관인소，기표준회귀계수분별위0.11、0.08、-0.09(균P<0.01)；문권중적20개제목정체내부신도일반(alpha=0.73，Split-Half=0.57)，차문권중4개분량표유3개적내부신도균편저(alpha=0.27、0.47、0.68)。결론면양시농촌사구인군적심리건강화정신위생지식지효솔편저，극대진일보제고，우기시관우정신위생기념일화정신질병병인적인식，경수가대선교보급력도。농촌인군적인구학특정성도치지효솔적존재명현차이，인차수요침대인군특점제정상응적선전교육방식，종이전면제고농촌사구인군적지효솔。차외，조사문권수요진일보개선설계，평고기효도，병제고기내부신도。
Objective To assess the mental health and awareness of mental health knowledge in rural community of Mianyang City. Methods A cluster-sampling method identified 2060 people in two towns in Mianyang City. Everyone was asked to complete a standardized 20-item survey about mental health awareness which developed by the Public Health College of Central South University. Results 1984 valid surveys were completed by 986 males and 998 females. The mean score is (9.18±3.82) scores, which showed the level of awareness about mental health was low. The scores were statistically significant differences in the gender, age, economic status, education and occupation (P<0.01). Mul-tivariate linear model regression analysis found that the cultural level, ecnomic status and age were independent factors associated with mental health knowledge awareness, its standard regression coefficient was 0.11, 0.08,-0.09 respective-ly (all P<0.01).The overall internal consistency of the 20 items in the survey was weak (alpha=0.73, Split-Half=0.57). The internal consistency of the three subscales in the survey were also weak (alpha=0.27, 0.47, 0.68). Conclusion The overall level of awareness about mental health issues in the rural community of Mianyang is low. Particularly regarding the cases of mental disorder and Mental Health Commemoration Day, which are in need of improvement. The level of mental health literacy varies substantially by demographic characteristics of the rural community, so cohort-specific ed-ucational interventions will be needed to effectively improve community awareness. In addition, further revision of the survey will be needed to improve its validity and internal consistency.