渔业科学进展
漁業科學進展
어업과학진전
MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH
2014年
6期
45-52
,共8页
窦秀丽%梁萌青%郑珂珂%王新星
竇秀麗%樑萌青%鄭珂珂%王新星
두수려%량맹청%정가가%왕신성
鲈鱼%苏氨酸%生长%需求量%生长后期
鱸魚%囌氨痠%生長%需求量%生長後期
로어%소안산%생장%수구량%생장후기
Lateolabrax japonicus%Threonine%Growth performance%Requirement%Mature stages
在半精制饲料中分别添加0、0.35%、0.70%、1.05%、1.40%、1.75%苏氨酸，制成苏氨酸实际梯度为1.05%、1.35%、1.65%、2.00%、2.42%、2.65%的6组等能等氮饲料(44.67%粗蛋白质，21.65 kJ/g总能)，对初始体重为(333.93±6.60) g的鲈鱼(Lateolabrax japonicus)在海水浮式网箱(1.5 m×1.5 m×2.0 m)中进行了70 d的喂养实验，研究其对苏氨酸的最适需求量。结果显示，鲈鱼成活率在89.58%–95.83%之间，各处理组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)；随着饲料中苏氨酸水平的升高，鲈鱼的特定生长率(SGR)显著增加(P<0.05)，且在2.00%苏氨酸饲料组出现最大值，但随着苏氨酸水平的继续升高，SGR 呈减小的趋势；饲料效率(FE)随饲料中苏氨酸水平的升高呈先增加后减小的趋势，2.00%苏氨酸组的FE显著高于1.05%组及2.65%组(P<0.05)；随着饲料中苏氨酸水平的升高，蛋白质沉积率(PPV)呈先增加后减小的趋势，且于2.00%苏氨酸组出现最大值；肝脏谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性随饲料中苏氨酸水平的升高呈先增加后减小的趋势；饲料中不同水平苏氨酸对鱼体粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分无显著影响(P>0.05)。以特定生长率、饲料效率及蛋白质沉积率为评价指标，经二次回归分析得出，鲈鱼对饲料中苏氨酸的最适需求量分别为占饲料干重的1.84%、1.87%及1.83%，占饲料蛋白质的4.11%、4.18%及4.09%。
在半精製飼料中分彆添加0、0.35%、0.70%、1.05%、1.40%、1.75%囌氨痠，製成囌氨痠實際梯度為1.05%、1.35%、1.65%、2.00%、2.42%、2.65%的6組等能等氮飼料(44.67%粗蛋白質，21.65 kJ/g總能)，對初始體重為(333.93±6.60) g的鱸魚(Lateolabrax japonicus)在海水浮式網箱(1.5 m×1.5 m×2.0 m)中進行瞭70 d的餵養實驗，研究其對囌氨痠的最適需求量。結果顯示，鱸魚成活率在89.58%–95.83%之間，各處理組之間無顯著差異(P>0.05)；隨著飼料中囌氨痠水平的升高，鱸魚的特定生長率(SGR)顯著增加(P<0.05)，且在2.00%囌氨痠飼料組齣現最大值，但隨著囌氨痠水平的繼續升高，SGR 呈減小的趨勢；飼料效率(FE)隨飼料中囌氨痠水平的升高呈先增加後減小的趨勢，2.00%囌氨痠組的FE顯著高于1.05%組及2.65%組(P<0.05)；隨著飼料中囌氨痠水平的升高，蛋白質沉積率(PPV)呈先增加後減小的趨勢，且于2.00%囌氨痠組齣現最大值；肝髒穀草轉氨酶、穀丙轉氨酶活性隨飼料中囌氨痠水平的升高呈先增加後減小的趨勢；飼料中不同水平囌氨痠對魚體粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分無顯著影響(P>0.05)。以特定生長率、飼料效率及蛋白質沉積率為評價指標，經二次迴歸分析得齣，鱸魚對飼料中囌氨痠的最適需求量分彆為佔飼料榦重的1.84%、1.87%及1.83%，佔飼料蛋白質的4.11%、4.18%及4.09%。
재반정제사료중분별첨가0、0.35%、0.70%、1.05%、1.40%、1.75%소안산，제성소안산실제제도위1.05%、1.35%、1.65%、2.00%、2.42%、2.65%적6조등능등담사료(44.67%조단백질，21.65 kJ/g총능)，대초시체중위(333.93±6.60) g적로어(Lateolabrax japonicus)재해수부식망상(1.5 m×1.5 m×2.0 m)중진행료70 d적위양실험，연구기대소안산적최괄수구량。결과현시，로어성활솔재89.58%–95.83%지간，각처리조지간무현저차이(P>0.05)；수착사료중소안산수평적승고，로어적특정생장솔(SGR)현저증가(P<0.05)，차재2.00%소안산사료조출현최대치，단수착소안산수평적계속승고，SGR 정감소적추세；사료효솔(FE)수사료중소안산수평적승고정선증가후감소적추세，2.00%소안산조적FE현저고우1.05%조급2.65%조(P<0.05)；수착사료중소안산수평적승고，단백질침적솔(PPV)정선증가후감소적추세，차우2.00%소안산조출현최대치；간장곡초전안매、곡병전안매활성수사료중소안산수평적승고정선증가후감소적추세；사료중불동수평소안산대어체조단백、조지방、조회분무현저영향(P>0.05)。이특정생장솔、사료효솔급단백질침적솔위평개지표，경이차회귀분석득출，로어대사료중소안산적최괄수구량분별위점사료간중적1.84%、1.87%급1.83%，점사료단백질적4.11%、4.18%급4.09%。
It has been clear that the dietary threonine is essential in the growth of juvenile Japanese seabass, and the requirement of threonine could vary at different growth stages. It is necessary to identify the requirement of threonine at mature stages. We designed a 10-week feeding experiment to investigate the effects of threonine on the growth performance of Japanese seabass and to determine the optimal level of dietary threonine. Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic semipurified diets (44.67%crude protein, 21.65 kJ/g gross energy) were formulated with graded levels of crystalline threonine (0, 0.35%, 0.70%, 1.05%, 1.40%, and 1.75%). The actual levels of threonine were determined to be 1.05%, 1.35%, 1.65%, 2.00%, 2.42%, and 2.65% in the dry diets, respectively, and then used them to feed the six groups of Japanese seabass (average body weight: 333.93±6.60 g). The result showed that no significant differences in survival rate (89.58%-95.83%) were found among dietary treatments (P>0.05). With the increasing of dietary threonine levels, the specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency (FE) and protein productive value (PPV) increased significantly (P<0.05), then these indexes showed a declining tendency after reaching their peaks at the 2.00%dietary threonine level. The activities of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) in livers observably increased when threonine level was increased from 1.05% to 2.00% (P<0.05), and then decreased when the threonine level was increased from 2.00% to 2.65%. The highest activity of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in liver was obtained in fish fed with 2.00%of dietary threonine. However there was no significant difference in the body composition between different dietary treatments (P>0.05). The second-order regression analysis based on different parameters (SGR, FE, and PPV) indicated that the optimal levels of dietary threonine were 1.84%, 1.87%and 1.87%(of diet), and 4.11%, 4.18%and 4.09%(of dietary protein) respectively.
