CAJ | 학술논문

从患“突眼病冶长丝鲈Osphronemas goramy肾脏中分离到1株优势菌CSL1,分别以腹腔注射、划伤浸泡和直接浸泡3种方式进行人工回归感染试验。结果表明：CSL1菌株能感染长丝鲈,且毒力较强,腹腔注射0·2 mL菌液(菌浓度为1×108 cfu/mL)可导致受试长丝鲈66·7%死亡,划伤浸泡感染(菌浓度为1×108 cfu/mL)死亡率达100%,直接浸泡感染(菌浓度为1×108 cfu/mL)无死亡,被感染长丝鲈出现与自然感染相同的症状；对菌株CSL1进行形态特征观察和主要理化特性分析,初步鉴定为豚鼠气单胞菌Aero：monas caviae；进一步选用16S rRNA对该菌进行分子鉴定,将序列结果进行Blast分析并构建进化树,结果显示,16S rRNA基因与GenBank上登录的豚鼠气单胞菌的相应序列具有很高的同源性,进化树聚为一支；综合生理生化与分子鉴定结果,判定所分离的菌株为豚鼠气单胞菌；药敏试验显示,该菌株对左氟沙星、诺氟沙星、恩诺沙星、氧氟沙星、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、妥布霉素、吡哌酸8种药物高度敏感,对阿齐霉素、新霉素和强力霉素3种药物中度敏感,对新生霉素、萘啶酸、氨卞青霉素、青霉素、阿莫西林、甲氧卞啶、链霉素、复方新诺明8种药物具有耐药性。研究表明,长丝鲈“突眼病冶的病原菌为豚鼠气单胞菌,其药敏结果可为防治该病提供用药参考,庆大霉素是治疗由豚鼠气单胞菌引起的各种养殖鱼类相关疾病的普适药物。
종환“돌안병야장사로Osphronemas goramy신장중분리도1주우세균CSL1,분별이복강주사、화상침포화직접침포3충방식진행인공회귀감염시험。결과표명：CSL1균주능감염장사로,차독력교강,복강주사0·2 mL균액(균농도위1×108 cfu/mL)가도치수시장사로66·7%사망,화상침포감염(균농도위1×108 cfu/mL)사망솔체100%,직접침포감염(균농도위1×108 cfu/mL)무사망,피감염장사로출현여자연감염상동적증상；대균주CSL1진행형태특정관찰화주요이화특성분석,초보감정위돈서기단포균Aero：monas caviae；진일보선용16S rRNA대해균진행분자감정,장서렬결과진행Blast분석병구건진화수,결과현시,16S rRNA기인여GenBank상등록적돈서기단포균적상응서렬구유흔고적동원성,진화수취위일지；종합생리생화여분자감정결과,판정소분리적균주위돈서기단포균；약민시험현시,해균주대좌불사성、낙불사성、은낙사성、양불사성、경대매소、잡나매소、타포매소、필고산8충약물고도민감,대아제매소、신매소화강력매소3충약물중도민감,대신생매소、내정산、안변청매소、청매소、아막서림、갑양변정、련매소、복방신낙명8충약물구유내약성。연구표명,장사로“돌안병야적병원균위돈서기단포균,기약민결과가위방치해병제공용약삼고,경대매소시치료유돈서기단포균인기적각충양식어류상관질병적보괄약물。
A dominant bacterium CSL1 was isolated from kidney of giant gourami Osphronemas goramy with exoph-thalmic disease, and artificial infection, morphological and physiological, and chemical experiments were carried out by intraperitoneal injection and immersion. The intraperitoneal injection of the bacterium(0. 2 mL of bacterium, 1í108 cfu/mL) showed 66. 7% mortality in the tested giant gourami, immersion of the injured fish with the bacteri-um(1í108 cfu/mL) led to 100% mortality, and 0 mortality, and the same symptoms as the naturally infected giant gourami were found in the immersion of the fish with the bacterium(1í108 cfu/mL). The bacterial morphology, physiology and biochemistry assays revealed that the isolated bacterium was preliminarily determined to be Aero-monas caviae. The 16S rRNA gene was cloned, sequenced and analyzed in the bacterium by a molecular method. Blast and phylogenetic tree showed that 16S rRNA gene shared high similarity with its counterpart of A. caviae found in GenBank, indicating that the bacterium isolated was a strain of A. caviae. The drug sensitivity test showed that the isolated bacterium was highly sensitive to eight kinds of antibiotics including levofloxacin, norfloxacin, enroflox-acin, ofloxacin, gentamycin, namycin, tobramycin, and pipemidic acid, intermediate sensitive to azithromycin, neomycina, and doxycycline, and resistant to eight kinds of antibiotics including novobiocin, nalidixin, ampicillin, penicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim, streptomycin, and sulfamethoxazole. The findings indicated that the patho-genic bacterium of exophthalmic disease in giant gourami was A. caviae, and provided reference to preventing and curing the disease, gentamicin being a reference drug for treating the cultured fish related diseases caused by A. caviae.