水力发电
水力髮電
수력발전
WATER POWER
2015年
1期
31-34,49
,共5页
大坝%蓄水初期%运行龄期%事故统计%对策
大壩%蓄水初期%運行齡期%事故統計%對策
대패%축수초기%운행령기%사고통계%대책
dam%initial impoundment%operation age%accident statistics%countermeasures
在蓄水初期,大坝处于一个不稳定的、复杂敏感的工作阶段。随着蓄水加荷,坝基、坝体、近坝库岸边坡等部位的运行性态不断调整变化,有可能向事故方向转化,尤其是在激烈加荷条件下,再加上设计和施工中的重要失误,这种转化很可能被触发而酿成重大事故。因此,在大坝整个生命周期中,蓄水初期是事故风险相对较大的阶段。统计了13座典型大坝蓄水初期事故,对事故原因进行了深入分析,并提出了相应的处理措施。
在蓄水初期,大壩處于一箇不穩定的、複雜敏感的工作階段。隨著蓄水加荷,壩基、壩體、近壩庫岸邊坡等部位的運行性態不斷調整變化,有可能嚮事故方嚮轉化,尤其是在激烈加荷條件下,再加上設計和施工中的重要失誤,這種轉化很可能被觸髮而釀成重大事故。因此,在大壩整箇生命週期中,蓄水初期是事故風險相對較大的階段。統計瞭13座典型大壩蓄水初期事故,對事故原因進行瞭深入分析,併提齣瞭相應的處理措施。
재축수초기,대패처우일개불은정적、복잡민감적공작계단。수착축수가하,패기、패체、근패고안변파등부위적운행성태불단조정변화,유가능향사고방향전화,우기시재격렬가하조건하,재가상설계화시공중적중요실오,저충전화흔가능피촉발이양성중대사고。인차,재대패정개생명주기중,축수초기시사고풍험상대교대적계단。통계료13좌전형대패축수초기사고,대사고원인진행료심입분석,병제출료상응적처리조시。
In the initial impoundment period, the dam is in an unstable, complex and sensitive operation stage. With the continuous changes of water loading and the operation behaviors of dam foundation, dam body and slopes, these changes could lead to accident risk. The risk is likely to be triggered and leads to a major accident under the special intense loading conditions and coupled with important mistakes in design and construction stages. Therefore, the initial impoundment period is a relative large accident risk stage in whole life cycle of dam. The accidents of 13 typical dams in initial impoundment period are analyzed and the corresponding countermeasures are also proposed.