CAJ | 학술논문

为了解决日益严峻的水问题，我国决定建立并正在实施最严格水资源管理制度。为了细化和便于实施最严格水资源管理制度，需要对“水资源”这一基础术语的内涵和外延有一个符合法学理论的界定。通过比较和分析国内外、不同学科、不同国家法律对于水资源的不同认识、理解或者法律界定，基于最严格水资源管理制度的视野，需要综合考虑水物质及与其有关的各种作用和功能，对水资源的范围予以合理界定：在数量方面限于淡水资源，统计上仅包括地表水和地下水，不应该将空中水、土壤水和绿水包括在内；注重水质和纳污能力（容量）的管理；将水力、航运能力以及作为水资源载体的河流／水道、湖泊、湿地、水库／水坝、水塘、泉、井、冰川等，纳入最严格水资源管理制度的管理范围。
위료해결일익엄준적수문제，아국결정건립병정재실시최엄격수자원관리제도。위료세화화편우실시최엄격수자원관리제도，수요대“수자원”저일기출술어적내함화외연유일개부합법학이론적계정。통과비교화분석국내외、불동학과、불동국가법률대우수자원적불동인식、리해혹자법률계정，기우최엄격수자원관리제도적시야，수요종합고필수물질급여기유관적각충작용화공능，대수자원적범위여이합리계정：재수량방면한우담수자원，통계상부포괄지표수화지하수，불응해장공중수、토양수화록수포괄재내；주중수질화납오능력（용량）적관리；장수력、항운능력이급작위수자원재체적하류／수도、호박、습지、수고／수패、수당、천、정、빙천등，납입최엄격수자원관리제도적관리범위。
In order to solve the increasingly serious water problems and solve this major bottleneck in China’s sustainable economic and so-cial development,China has decided to establish and implement the most stringent water management system. In order to refine and imple-ment this system,it is necessary to clarify the basic term of“water resources”with its definition and extension according to legal theory. By comparing and analyzing different understandings and/or legal definitions of“water resources”,at home and abroad,from different disci-plines,and from different legal systems in different countries,based on the perspective of the most stringent water management system,the scope of“water resources”should be legitimately delimited in a way of considering the substance of water itself as well as its relevant roles and functions comprehensively,and therefore:(i)in terms of quantity,“water resources”should be limited to freshwater in principle,only surface water and groundwater should be calculated,and atmospheric water,soil water and green water should be excluded;(ii)the man-agement of water quality and self-purification capacity should be emphasized;(iii)the objects of the most stringent water management sys-tem should include hydraulic power resources,water transport resources and those carrier of water resources,such as river/waterway,lake, wetland,reservoir/dam,pond,spring,well,glacier,etc.