海南医学
海南醫學
해남의학
HAINAN MEDICAL JOURNAL
2015年
1期
93-94,95
,共3页
张书婉%王敏江%余建华%曹三成%黄君华
張書婉%王敏江%餘建華%曹三成%黃君華
장서완%왕민강%여건화%조삼성%황군화
儿童%肺炎链球菌%流行病学%抗生素%敏感试验
兒童%肺炎鏈毬菌%流行病學%抗生素%敏感試驗
인동%폐염련구균%류행병학%항생소%민감시험
Children%Streptococcus pneamoniae%Epidemiology%Antibiotics%Sensitivity test
目的：了解肺炎链球菌流行及耐药情况，为肺炎链球菌的预防及临床合理用药提供依据。方法收集西安市儿童医院2013年3月至2014年2月分离的肺炎链球菌菌株，综合分析各年龄段、季节的感染情况，获得儿童感染肺炎链球菌流行病学资料。采用E-test法检测菌株对青霉素、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟的敏感性，采用纸片法检测菌株对克林霉素、红霉素、万古霉素的敏感性。结果共分离到206株肺炎链球菌，年龄分布：2岁以下儿童146株，2~5岁46株，5~14岁14株；季节分布：春季37株，夏季18株，秋季49株，冬季102株。对青霉素、克林霉素、红霉素、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、万古霉素的敏感率分别为70.4%、3.9%、2.4%、80.1%、82.5%、100%。结论儿童肺炎链球菌感染以2岁以下婴幼儿为主，冬季最多。青霉素仍可作为治疗普通肺炎链球菌感染的首选药物；三代头孢菌素可用于青霉素非敏感的肺炎链球菌治疗；未发现万古霉素非敏感菌株；红霉素、克林霉素的耐药率极高，不适合肺链链球菌的治疗。
目的：瞭解肺炎鏈毬菌流行及耐藥情況，為肺炎鏈毬菌的預防及臨床閤理用藥提供依據。方法收集西安市兒童醫院2013年3月至2014年2月分離的肺炎鏈毬菌菌株，綜閤分析各年齡段、季節的感染情況，穫得兒童感染肺炎鏈毬菌流行病學資料。採用E-test法檢測菌株對青黴素、頭孢麯鬆、頭孢噻肟的敏感性，採用紙片法檢測菌株對剋林黴素、紅黴素、萬古黴素的敏感性。結果共分離到206株肺炎鏈毬菌，年齡分佈：2歲以下兒童146株，2~5歲46株，5~14歲14株；季節分佈：春季37株，夏季18株，鞦季49株，鼕季102株。對青黴素、剋林黴素、紅黴素、頭孢麯鬆、頭孢噻肟、萬古黴素的敏感率分彆為70.4%、3.9%、2.4%、80.1%、82.5%、100%。結論兒童肺炎鏈毬菌感染以2歲以下嬰幼兒為主，鼕季最多。青黴素仍可作為治療普通肺炎鏈毬菌感染的首選藥物；三代頭孢菌素可用于青黴素非敏感的肺炎鏈毬菌治療；未髮現萬古黴素非敏感菌株；紅黴素、剋林黴素的耐藥率極高，不適閤肺鏈鏈毬菌的治療。
목적：료해폐염련구균류행급내약정황，위폐염련구균적예방급림상합리용약제공의거。방법수집서안시인동의원2013년3월지2014년2월분리적폐염련구균균주，종합분석각년령단、계절적감염정황，획득인동감염폐염련구균류행병학자료。채용E-test법검측균주대청매소、두포곡송、두포새우적민감성，채용지편법검측균주대극림매소、홍매소、만고매소적민감성。결과공분리도206주폐염련구균，년령분포：2세이하인동146주，2~5세46주，5~14세14주；계절분포：춘계37주，하계18주，추계49주，동계102주。대청매소、극림매소、홍매소、두포곡송、두포새우、만고매소적민감솔분별위70.4%、3.9%、2.4%、80.1%、82.5%、100%。결론인동폐염련구균감염이2세이하영유인위주，동계최다。청매소잉가작위치료보통폐염련구균감염적수선약물；삼대두포균소가용우청매소비민감적폐염련구균치료；미발현만고매소비민감균주；홍매소、극림매소적내약솔겁고，불괄합폐련련구균적치료。
Objective To investigate the clinical epidemiological trend and antibiotic resistance of Strepto-coccus pneamoniae isolated from infected children. Methods A total of 206 Streptococcus pneamoniae isolated from infected children in Xi'an Children's Hospital between March 1, 2013 and February 28, 2014 were collected, and epide-miological distribution of age and season were analyzed to achieve clinical epidemiology data of Streptococcus pneamoniae in infected children. Sensitivity of Streptococcus pneamoniae to penicillin, ceftriaxone and cefotaxime were determined by E-test, and sensitivity of Streptococcus pneamoniae to clindamycin, erythromycin and vancomycin were tested by K-B method. Results A total of 206 Streptococcus pneamoniae isolates were obtained, 146 of which were isolated from infected children under 2 years old, 46 from 2 to 5 years old, and 14 from 5 to 14 years old. 37 infec-tions occurred in spring, with 18 in summer, 49 in autumn, and 102 in winter. Drug sensitivity rates of penicillin, clinda-mycin, erythromycin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and vancomycin were 70%, 4%, 2%, 80%, 83%and 100%, respectively. Conclusion The majority of infected children were under 2 years old, and infections occur mostly in winter. penicillin is still the preferred drug for the treatment of common Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. The third generation cephalo-sporins can be used for penicillin non-sensitive treatment of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. we do not find any van-comycin resistant strains. High prevalence of erythromycin and clindamycin resistance demonstrates that this two kinds of antibiotics is not suitable for the treatment of Streptococcus pneamoniae infection.
