CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解浙江省部分地区企业职工的工伤保险参保现状及影响工伤保险参保率的因素.方法依照《企业职业卫生调查表》和《职业卫生与工伤(职业病)保险可行性调查表》,采用多阶段整群抽样问卷调查的方法对浙江省3县(市)9家企业2 836名工人进行调查.结果 9家企业普遍存在职业有害因素,接毒职工人数多;在职职工平均年龄小,文化程度低,收入差距大,防护意识薄弱,防护行为不积极.所调查职工工伤保险参保率为50.1％,不清楚是否参加工伤保险者占29.6％.男性、浙江当地职工、工龄长、对职业病及工伤保险知晓情况好、工作期间被告知存在职业有害因素和参加职业卫生培训的职工参加工伤保险的可能性大,接触物理有害因素及管理岗位职工参加工伤保险的可能性大;参加医保的职工的工伤保险参保可能性大.平均家庭人口数多、每周工作时间长、参加岗前体检的职工参加工伤保险的可能性小.结论浙江省部分地区职工工伤保险参保率高于全国平均水平,但与国际水平差距显著;职工工伤保险参保率与职工对职业病及工伤保险的知晓情况关联密切;提高职工文化程度,加强职业卫生培训,有助于提高职工对职业病与工伤保险的知晓情况,从而提高工伤保险参保率.
목적 료해절강성부분지구기업직공적공상보험삼보현상급영향공상보험삼보솔적인소.방법 의조《기업직업위생조사표》화《직업위생여공상(직업병)보험가행성조사표》,채용다계단정군추양문권조사적방법대절강성3현(시)9가기업2 836명공인진행조사.결과 9가기업보편존재직업유해인소,접독직공인수다;재직직공평균년령소,문화정도저,수입차거대,방호의식박약,방호행위불적겁.소조사직공공상보험삼보솔위50.1％,불청초시부삼가공상보험자점29.6％.남성、절강당지직공、공령장、대직업병급공상보험지효정황호、공작기간피고지존재직업유해인소화삼가직업위생배훈적직공삼가공상보험적가능성대,접촉물리유해인소급관리강위직공삼가공상보험적가능성대;삼가의보적직공적공상보험삼보가능성대.평균가정인구수다、매주공작시간장、삼가강전체검적직공삼가공상보험적가능성소.결론 절강성부분지구직공공상보험삼보솔고우전국평균수평,단여국제수평차거현저;직공공상보험삼보솔여직공대직업병급공상보험적지효정황관련밀절;제고직공문화정도,가강직업위생배훈,유조우제고직공대직업병여공상보험적지효정황,종이제고공상보험삼보솔.
Objective In China,the coverage rate of work injury insurance was 23.2％ in 2011,which was far lower than expected.The factors affecting the insurance's enrollment has very little known.This paper aims to study the existing coverage of work injury insurance scheme and its influencing factors.Methods The data were collected from 2 836 workers who came from 9 industries in three cities of Zhejiang province using face-to-face questionnaire interview.Results Of these 2836 workers,the work injury insurance coverage was 50.1％,and 29.6％ were not sure if they were covered or not.The results showed that the awareness of occupational disease and industrial injury insurance was helpful in increasing the coverage rate.Besides,the logistic regression analysis showed that in certain circumstances working population shared higher coverage of work injury insurance.For examples,male workers with local household registration and longer working years; people who had been informed about occupational risk factors,and thus gained more training on the issue; people who had exposed to occupational hazards or involved in administrative duties; and people who had already insured by a medical insurance scheme.In the contrary,the heavier family burden with longer working hours per week they needed,the lower possibility they joined the insurance scheme.Conclusions The coverage of work injury insurance is higher than native average level but much lower than the average international level.The awareness of occupational disease and injury insurance was closely associated with the coverage of work injury insurance.Therefore,it is imperative to popularize the knowledge on OHS for migrant workers,as well as to reinforce the supervision and management of the issue would have been an effective way to elevate the coverage rate of work injury insurance.