CAJ | 학술논문

眼科超声诊断技术近年得到充分发展,从A型超声获取眼球生物学参数、B型超声获得眼球二维图像、超声生物显微镜获得可以与低倍光学显微镜相媲美的眼前段图像、彩色多普勒血流成像在二维超声的基础上叠加血流信息,到超声造影的出现,可以定量地分析眼内结构及病变内的血流灌注特征,在眼部疾病的诊断和治疗效果评估中起重要作用.但在临床使用上还存有一定误区,且受仪器的穿透力和分辨力的影响,对某些特殊病例的诊断存在一定的局限性,可出现假阳性或假阴性结果.因此建议合理应用超声检查,如A型超声用于生物学测量;B型超声主要用于眼内疾病的形态改变,但对眼表和眶内尤其眶尖疾病的诊断有一定的局限性;超声生物显微镜适用于眼前段尤其睫状体疾病的检查;彩色多普勒超声检查则需充分理解多普勒原理,合理解释组织和疾病的血流变化特点.
안과초성진단기술근년득도충분발전,종A형초성획취안구생물학삼수、B형초성획득안구이유도상、초성생물현미경획득가이여저배광학현미경상비미적안전단도상、채색다보륵혈류성상재이유초성적기출상첩가혈류신식,도초성조영적출현,가이정량지분석안내결구급병변내적혈류관주특정,재안부질병적진단화치료효과평고중기중요작용.단재림상사용상환존유일정오구,차수의기적천투력화분변력적영향,대모사특수병례적진단존재일정적국한성,가출현가양성혹가음성결과.인차건의합리응용초성검사,여A형초성용우생물학측량;B형초성주요용우안내질병적형태개변,단대안표화광내우기광첨질병적진단유일정적국한성;초성생물현미경괄용우안전단우기첩상체질병적검사;채색다보륵초성검사칙수충분리해다보륵원리,합리해석조직화질병적혈류변화특점.
The ocular ultrasonography has advanced significantly in recent years.A-mode ultrasound is extensively used for ocular biometry.With B-mode ultrasound we can acquire two-dimensional images.Anterior segment images can be obtained by ultrasound biomicroscopy.Color Doppler flow imaging displays blood flow information of normal and pathological tissues.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can even be used for quantitatively analyzing the perfusion characteristics.Ocular ultrasound has been widely utilized for diagnosis and follow-up of eye diseases although with some limitations.Affected by penetration and resolution,ocular ultrasound is limited in diagnosis of special cases,and sometimes leading to false positive or false negative results.This review mainly introduces the indications and limitations of ultrasonic diagnosis,and also the characteristics and advantages of each method.