CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析2010至2012年中国育龄妇女孕前营养状况的变化趋势.方法研究人群为2010年1月1日至2012年12月31日参加“国家免费孕前优生健康检查项目”覆盖的31个省、市、自治区220个试点县的21～49岁育龄妇女,共2 120 131人.研究孕前营养指标主要包括体质量指数(BMI)、血红蛋白含量(HB)和空腹血糖(FBG).结果 2010至2012年总体上中国育龄妇女孕前平均HB含量持续升高,而孕前平均BM1和FBG水平呈逐年下降趋势.将3个孕前营养指标测定的结果均分为4类,各类构成人群均主要分布在25 ～34岁年龄组.孕前低BMI人群发生率逐年增加,从2010年10.4％(31 649/304307)增加到2012年14.14％(114 159/807 131);孕前超重人群及肥胖人群均在2012年发生率最低,分别为10.65％(85 984/807 131)和2.32％(18 735/807 131).孕前低血糖发生率由2010年5.45％(16 581/304307)降至2012年5.23％(42 199/807 131);孕前空腹血糖受损及糖尿病发生率逐年降低,分别从2010年3.17％ (9 652/304 307)和1.64％(4 982/304307)降至2012年2.71％(21 875/807 131)和1.05％(8 505/807 131).孕前轻度及中重度贫血的发生率在逐年下降,分别从2010年12.29％和0.95％降至2012年9.62％和0.78％;孕前高HB含量人群也呈现不断下降趋势.2010至2012年中国育龄妇女3个孕前营养指标的变化趋势在4个分类中均差异有统计学意义(P ＜0.001).结论中国育龄妇女总体孕前营养状况良好,肥胖、贫血及糖尿病的发生率呈逐年下降趋势.
목적 분석2010지2012년중국육령부녀잉전영양상황적변화추세.방법 연구인군위2010년1월1일지2012년12월31일삼가“국가면비잉전우생건강검사항목”복개적31개성、시、자치구220개시점현적21～49세육령부녀,공2 120 131인.연구잉전영양지표주요포괄체질량지수(BMI)、혈홍단백함량(HB)화공복혈당(FBG).결과 2010지2012년총체상중국육령부녀잉전평균HB함량지속승고,이잉전평균BM1화FBG수평정축년하강추세.장3개잉전영양지표측정적결과균분위4류,각류구성인군균주요분포재25 ～34세년령조.잉전저BMI인군발생솔축년증가,종2010년10.4％(31 649/304307)증가도2012년14.14％(114 159/807 131);잉전초중인군급비반인군균재2012년발생솔최저,분별위10.65％(85 984/807 131)화2.32％(18 735/807 131).잉전저혈당발생솔유2010년5.45％(16 581/304307)강지2012년5.23％(42 199/807 131);잉전공복혈당수손급당뇨병발생솔축년강저,분별종2010년3.17％ (9 652/304 307)화1.64％(4 982/304307)강지2012년2.71％(21 875/807 131)화1.05％(8 505/807 131).잉전경도급중중도빈혈적발생솔재축년하강,분별종2010년12.29％화0.95％강지2012년9.62％화0.78％;잉전고HB함량인군야정현불단하강추세.2010지2012년중국육령부녀3개잉전영양지표적변화추세재4개분류중균차이유통계학의의(P ＜0.001).결론 중국육령부녀총체잉전영양상황량호,비반、빈혈급당뇨병적발생솔정축년하강추세.
Objective To evaluate the prepregnancy nutritional status and analyze its trend in Chinese women of reproductive age during the period of 2010-2012.Methods Analyses of prepregnancy nutritional indicators were conducted for a total of 2 120 131 women of reproductive age (aged 21-49 years) from 220 pilot counties of 31 provinces who participated in National Free Prepregnancy Health Examination Project from January 1,2010 to December 31,2012.The nutritional indicators involving body mass index (BMI),hemoglobin (HB) concentration and fasting plasma glucose (FBG) were statistically analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software.Results There were a sustained increase in prepregnancy HB concentration and declined levels of prepregnancy BMI and FBG during 2010-2012.The clinical data were categorized into 4 subgroups.The data of age composition showed the age group of 25-34 years was the largest proportion of the cohort.The prevalence in prepregnancy low-BMI population subgroup increased from 10.4％ in 2010 to 14.14％ in 2012.The prepregnancy obesity and overweight subgroups revealed the lowest prevalences of 10.65％ and 2.32％ respectively in 2012.A decreased prevalence of prepregnancy low FBG subgroup occurred from 5.45％ in 2010 to 5.23％ in 2012.The prevalences of prepregnancy impaired fasting plasma glucose and diabetes subgroups decreased year-on-year from 3.17％ and 1.64％ in 2010 to 2.71％ and 1.05％ in 2012 respectively.The prevalences of prepregnancy mild and severe anemia subgroups decreased from 12.29％ and 0.95％ to 9.62％ and 0.78％ respectively during the period 2010-2012.High hemoglobin concentration subgroup also exhibited a decreasin.g prevalence.Statistical analysis indicated significant differences (P ＜ 0.001) in the evaluation and trend analysis of prepregnancy nutrition in Chinese women of reproductive age.Conclusion Chinese women of reproductive age show a fair status of prepregnancy nutrition.And there are decreasing prevalences in obesity,anemia and diabetes.