中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2015年
1期
31-35
,共5页
张书星%乔善磊%陈敏健%夏彦恺%杭渤%成森平
張書星%喬善磊%陳敏健%夏彥愷%杭渤%成森平
장서성%교선뢰%진민건%하언개%항발%성삼평
尼古丁%空气污染,室内%三手烟
尼古丁%空氣汙染,室內%三手煙
니고정%공기오염,실내%삼수연
Nicotine%Air pollution,indoor%Thirdhand smoke
目的 分析南京市部分场所的三手烟污染状况及其分布特点.方法 于2014年3-5月,选取南京市建邺、雨花、江宁、玄武、鼓楼和浦口区与居民生活密切相关的3类场所(住宅、公共场所和交通工具)为研究场所,每类场所均分为吸烟和无烟(禁烟)两种环境,每类场所于每种环境下分别选2～3个采样地点,共51个采样地点,每个采样点分别采集9～10个样品,共采集样品477份.采用表面擦拭取样法和液相色谱质谱联用法对采样点三手烟标志物尼古丁进行定量检测,采用单因素方差分析和t检验对不同吸烟环境的3类场所尼古丁浓度进行比较.结果 477份样品中,来自住宅场所者占27.0％(129/477),公共场所者占61.0％(291/477),交通工具者占11.9％(57/477).吸烟环境的住宅、公共场所、交通工具尼古丁浓度分别为(214±55)、(1 408 ±177)、(1 511 ±785) μg/m2,均高于无烟(禁烟)环境的同类场所[(23 ±9)、(62±11)、(46±15) μg/m2](f值分别为13.79、13.15、3.45,P值分别为＜0.001、＜0.001、0.006).吸烟环境的场所内,墙面、桌子、沙发、柜子、门背面和空调通风处表面尼古丁浓度分别为(171 ±62)、(232±38)、(373±151)、(903±239)、(978±212)、(1 721±517) μg/m2(F=7.06,P=0.009).吸烟环境下,公共场所尼古丁浓度较高(F =9.25,P=0.024);无烟(禁烟)环境下,住宅尼古丁浓度较低(F=7.88,P＜0.001).结论南京市的公共场所、住宅和交通工具均普遍存在三手烟污染情况,吸烟环境的污染程度高于无烟(禁烟)环境;无烟(禁烟)的私人住宅污染程度较低;吸烟环境下,场所内接近通风口、门背面及柜子的尼古丁浓度较高.
目的 分析南京市部分場所的三手煙汙染狀況及其分佈特點.方法 于2014年3-5月,選取南京市建鄴、雨花、江寧、玄武、鼓樓和浦口區與居民生活密切相關的3類場所(住宅、公共場所和交通工具)為研究場所,每類場所均分為吸煙和無煙(禁煙)兩種環境,每類場所于每種環境下分彆選2～3箇採樣地點,共51箇採樣地點,每箇採樣點分彆採集9～10箇樣品,共採集樣品477份.採用錶麵抆拭取樣法和液相色譜質譜聯用法對採樣點三手煙標誌物尼古丁進行定量檢測,採用單因素方差分析和t檢驗對不同吸煙環境的3類場所尼古丁濃度進行比較.結果 477份樣品中,來自住宅場所者佔27.0％(129/477),公共場所者佔61.0％(291/477),交通工具者佔11.9％(57/477).吸煙環境的住宅、公共場所、交通工具尼古丁濃度分彆為(214±55)、(1 408 ±177)、(1 511 ±785) μg/m2,均高于無煙(禁煙)環境的同類場所[(23 ±9)、(62±11)、(46±15) μg/m2](f值分彆為13.79、13.15、3.45,P值分彆為＜0.001、＜0.001、0.006).吸煙環境的場所內,牆麵、桌子、沙髮、櫃子、門揹麵和空調通風處錶麵尼古丁濃度分彆為(171 ±62)、(232±38)、(373±151)、(903±239)、(978±212)、(1 721±517) μg/m2(F=7.06,P=0.009).吸煙環境下,公共場所尼古丁濃度較高(F =9.25,P=0.024);無煙(禁煙)環境下,住宅尼古丁濃度較低(F=7.88,P＜0.001).結論南京市的公共場所、住宅和交通工具均普遍存在三手煙汙染情況,吸煙環境的汙染程度高于無煙(禁煙)環境;無煙(禁煙)的私人住宅汙染程度較低;吸煙環境下,場所內接近通風口、門揹麵及櫃子的尼古丁濃度較高.
목적 분석남경시부분장소적삼수연오염상황급기분포특점.방법 우2014년3-5월,선취남경시건업、우화、강저、현무、고루화포구구여거민생활밀절상관적3류장소(주택、공공장소화교통공구)위연구장소,매류장소균분위흡연화무연(금연)량충배경,매류장소우매충배경하분별선2～3개채양지점,공51개채양지점,매개채양점분별채집9～10개양품,공채집양품477빈.채용표면찰식취양법화액상색보질보련용법대채양점삼수연표지물니고정진행정량검측,채용단인소방차분석화t검험대불동흡연배경적3류장소니고정농도진행비교.결과 477빈양품중,래자주택장소자점27.0％(129/477),공공장소자점61.0％(291/477),교통공구자점11.9％(57/477).흡연배경적주택、공공장소、교통공구니고정농도분별위(214±55)、(1 408 ±177)、(1 511 ±785) μg/m2,균고우무연(금연)배경적동류장소[(23 ±9)、(62±11)、(46±15) μg/m2](f치분별위13.79、13.15、3.45,P치분별위＜0.001、＜0.001、0.006).흡연배경적장소내,장면、탁자、사발、거자、문배면화공조통풍처표면니고정농도분별위(171 ±62)、(232±38)、(373±151)、(903±239)、(978±212)、(1 721±517) μg/m2(F=7.06,P=0.009).흡연배경하,공공장소니고정농도교고(F =9.25,P=0.024);무연(금연)배경하,주택니고정농도교저(F=7.88,P＜0.001).결론남경시적공공장소、주택화교통공구균보편존재삼수연오염정황,흡연배경적오염정도고우무연(금연)배경;무연(금연)적사인주택오염정도교저;흡연배경하,장소내접근통풍구、문배면급거자적니고정농도교고.
Objective To investigate thirdhand smoke (THS) pollution in certain places of Nanjing,as well as to analyze its distribution characteristics.Methods From March to May,2014,we selected 3 types of places (residencies,public places and transportation vehicles) that were close to people' s living in Jianye,Yuhua,Jiangning,Xuanwu,Gulou and Pukou districts of Nanjing city.For each of the above 3 types of places,2-3 smoking and non-smoking (smoking ban) locations were investigated,totally 51 locations,9-10 samples were collected each location,totally 477 samples.The surface wipe sampling method in conjunction with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was utilized to quantify the levels of nicotine that served as the tracer of THS pollution.One-way ANOVA and t-tests were employed to compare the levels of nicotine collected at different places and locations.Results Totally 477 samples were collected in this study,of which 27.0％ was from residencies (129/477),61.0％ (291/477) from public places and 11.9％ (57/477) from transportations.The levels of indoor surface nicotine in smoking residences,public places and transportations were (214 ± 55),(1 408 ± 177) and (1 511 ± 785) μg/m2,respectively,which were all higher than those in the corresponding non-smoking places ((23 ± 9),(62 ± 11),and (46 ± 15) μg/m2 ; t values were 13.79,13.15,3.45,respectively.P values were ＜ 0.001,＜ 0.001 and 0.006,respectively).In the smoking places,the levels of surface nicotine on walls,desks,sofas,cabinets,door backsides and air conditioning openings were (171-± 62),(232 ± 38),(373 ± 151),(903 ± 239),(978 ± 212),(1 721 ± 517) μg/m2 (F =7.06,P =0.009).In the smoking condition,the levels of surface nicotine collected from public places were higher (F =9.25,P =0.024),while under non-smoking (smoking ban) conditions,the levels of surface nicotine collected from residences were lower (F =7.88,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion THS pollution was widespread in public places,residences and transportations in Nanjing city,which was more serious in the smoking environments than non-smoking (smoking ban) environments; the contamination was less serious in non-smoking (smoking ban) private residences; in the smoking condition,the levels of surface nicotine were relatively high at locations close to air conditioning openings,door backsides and cabinets.
