中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2015年
1期
36-40
,共5页
蒋莹%曾庆奇%纪颖%王燕玲%郑韵婷%常春
蔣瑩%曾慶奇%紀穎%王燕玲%鄭韻婷%常春
장형%증경기%기영%왕연령%정운정%상춘
健康素养%职业卫生服务%流动人口%建筑工地
健康素養%職業衛生服務%流動人口%建築工地
건강소양%직업위생복무%류동인구%건축공지
Health literacy%Occupational health services%Migrants%Construction site
目的 调查建筑工地流动人口健康素养水平和企业卫生服务利用率,分析企业卫生服务利用率的影响因素.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,于2013年4--6月分别在陕西西安市和铜川市抽取5个建筑工地非本市户籍的流动人口652名,对其健康素养水平、职业卫生意识以及企业卫生服务利用情况进行调查,用得分或合格率描述流动人口健康素养水平和职业卫生意识,用x2检验分析不同健康素养水平流动人口职业卫生意识和企业卫生服务利用率的差异,用logistic回归分析企业卫生服务利用率的影响因素.结果 建筑工地流动人口健康素养得分为(3.75±2.17)分(总分9分).知晓企业应该为劳动者提供健康培训、定期体检、职业安全教育、职业防护用品和缴纳医疗保险的流动人口比例分别为28.2％ (174/616)、43.5％(268/616)、52.8％(325/616)、54.9％(338/616)和37.7％(230/616),分别有46.4％(201/627)、44.8％(281/627)的流动人口认为工作环境中存在噪音、粉尘.健康培训、职业技能培训、定期体检和急救药箱4项服务中,没有利用过任何一项企业服务的流动人口占61.1％ (373/610),利用过其中l、2和3项的比例分别为27.5％(168/610)、7.9％(48/610)和2.6％(16/610),4项都利用过的仅占0.8％(5/610).Logistic回归显示,健康素养水平合格者利用企业卫生服务的可能性是不合格者的1.82倍(OR=1.82,95％ CI:1.13 ～2.92);上学年限为13年以上的流动人口利用企业卫生服务的可能性是6年及以下流动人口的3.81倍(OR =3.81,95％CI:1.75～8.31),职业卫生意识对企业卫生服务利用率的影响无统计学意义(x2 =3.50,P =0.061).结论 建筑工地流动人口职业卫生意识和企业卫生服务利用率均比较低,健康素养水平、上学年限是影响企业卫生服务利用率的主要因素.
目的 調查建築工地流動人口健康素養水平和企業衛生服務利用率,分析企業衛生服務利用率的影響因素.方法 採用分層整群隨機抽樣的方法,于2013年4--6月分彆在陝西西安市和銅川市抽取5箇建築工地非本市戶籍的流動人口652名,對其健康素養水平、職業衛生意識以及企業衛生服務利用情況進行調查,用得分或閤格率描述流動人口健康素養水平和職業衛生意識,用x2檢驗分析不同健康素養水平流動人口職業衛生意識和企業衛生服務利用率的差異,用logistic迴歸分析企業衛生服務利用率的影響因素.結果 建築工地流動人口健康素養得分為(3.75±2.17)分(總分9分).知曉企業應該為勞動者提供健康培訓、定期體檢、職業安全教育、職業防護用品和繳納醫療保險的流動人口比例分彆為28.2％ (174/616)、43.5％(268/616)、52.8％(325/616)、54.9％(338/616)和37.7％(230/616),分彆有46.4％(201/627)、44.8％(281/627)的流動人口認為工作環境中存在譟音、粉塵.健康培訓、職業技能培訓、定期體檢和急救藥箱4項服務中,沒有利用過任何一項企業服務的流動人口佔61.1％ (373/610),利用過其中l、2和3項的比例分彆為27.5％(168/610)、7.9％(48/610)和2.6％(16/610),4項都利用過的僅佔0.8％(5/610).Logistic迴歸顯示,健康素養水平閤格者利用企業衛生服務的可能性是不閤格者的1.82倍(OR=1.82,95％ CI:1.13 ～2.92);上學年限為13年以上的流動人口利用企業衛生服務的可能性是6年及以下流動人口的3.81倍(OR =3.81,95％CI:1.75～8.31),職業衛生意識對企業衛生服務利用率的影響無統計學意義(x2 =3.50,P =0.061).結論 建築工地流動人口職業衛生意識和企業衛生服務利用率均比較低,健康素養水平、上學年限是影響企業衛生服務利用率的主要因素.
목적 조사건축공지류동인구건강소양수평화기업위생복무이용솔,분석기업위생복무이용솔적영향인소.방법 채용분층정군수궤추양적방법,우2013년4--6월분별재협서서안시화동천시추취5개건축공지비본시호적적류동인구652명,대기건강소양수평、직업위생의식이급기업위생복무이용정황진행조사,용득분혹합격솔묘술류동인구건강소양수평화직업위생의식,용x2검험분석불동건강소양수평류동인구직업위생의식화기업위생복무이용솔적차이,용logistic회귀분석기업위생복무이용솔적영향인소.결과 건축공지류동인구건강소양득분위(3.75±2.17)분(총분9분).지효기업응해위노동자제공건강배훈、정기체검、직업안전교육、직업방호용품화격납의료보험적류동인구비례분별위28.2％ (174/616)、43.5％(268/616)、52.8％(325/616)、54.9％(338/616)화37.7％(230/616),분별유46.4％(201/627)、44.8％(281/627)적류동인구인위공작배경중존재조음、분진.건강배훈、직업기능배훈、정기체검화급구약상4항복무중,몰유이용과임하일항기업복무적류동인구점61.1％ (373/610),이용과기중l、2화3항적비례분별위27.5％(168/610)、7.9％(48/610)화2.6％(16/610),4항도이용과적부점0.8％(5/610).Logistic회귀현시,건강소양수평합격자이용기업위생복무적가능성시불합격자적1.82배(OR=1.82,95％ CI:1.13 ～2.92);상학년한위13년이상적류동인구이용기업위생복무적가능성시6년급이하류동인구적3.81배(OR =3.81,95％CI:1.75～8.31),직업위생의식대기업위생복무이용솔적영향무통계학의의(x2 =3.50,P =0.061).결론 건축공지류동인구직업위생의식화기업위생복무이용솔균비교저,건강소양수평、상학년한시영향기업위생복무이용솔적주요인소.
Objective To investigate health literacy and enterprise provided health service utilization among migrants in construction sites and explore the influencing factors of enterprise provided health service utilization.Methods All 652 migrants in 10 construction sites in Xi'an and Tongchuan were selected using stratified cluster sampling method,and health literacy level,occupational health awareness and enterprise provided health service utilization of migrants were investigated in 2013 April to June.Score and pass rate was used to describe status of health literacy and occupational health awareness of migrants.Chisquare was used to analyze the difference of occupational health awareness and enterprise provided health service utilization between migrants of different levels of health literacy.And logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of enterprise provided health service utilization.Results Average score of health literacy among migrants in construction site was (3.75-± 2.17)(9 score totally).Migrants who knew enterprise should provide health training,physical examination,safety training,occupational protection and pay health insurance for workers accounted for 28.2％ (174/616),43.5％ (268/616),52.8％ (325/616),54.9％ (338/616) and 37.7％ (230/616) respectively,and the percentage of migrants who thought there were noise and dust in their working environment were 46.4％ (201/627) and 44.8％ (281/627) respectively.61.1％ (373/610)received none of health training,occupational training,physical examination and first-aid kit,and only 0.8％ (5/610) had utilized all of the above health service in workplace.And logistic regression showed that migrants whose health literacy score was higher than 5 had 1.819 times probability to utilize enterprise provided health service(OR =1.82,95％ CI:1.13-2.92),and migrants who were educated for more than 13 years had 3.812 times probability to utilize enterprise provided health service than those who were educated for less than 6 years (OR =3.81,95％ CI:1.75-8.31).However,occupational health awareness had no significant influence to the utility of enterprise provided health service utilization in logistic regression (x2 =3.50,P =0.061).Conclusion Occupational health awareness and enterprise provided health service utilization were both low among migrants in construction site,level of health literacy and school years were the main factors that influence enterprise provided health service utilization.
