北京大学学报(医学版)
北京大學學報(醫學版)
북경대학학보(의학판)
JOURNAL OF BEIJING MEDICAL UNIVERSITY(HEALTH SCIENCES)
2015年
1期
170-174
,共5页
张力杰%叶雄俊%黄晓波%熊六林%马凯%李建兴%王晓峰
張力傑%葉雄俊%黃曉波%熊六林%馬凱%李建興%王曉峰
장력걸%협웅준%황효파%웅륙림%마개%리건흥%왕효봉
输尿管结石%输尿管镜检查%肾造口术,经皮%碎石术
輸尿管結石%輸尿管鏡檢查%腎造口術,經皮%碎石術
수뇨관결석%수뇨관경검사%신조구술,경피%쇄석술
Ureteral calculi%Ureteroscopy%Nephrostomy,percutaneous%Lithotripsy
目的:比较无管化经皮肾镜碎石术(tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy ,tubeless-PCNL)和输尿管镜碎石术( ureteroscopic lithotripsy ,URL)处理输尿管上段结石的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性分析2009年9月至2013年7月就诊于北京大学人民医院的输尿管结石患者资料,结石最大径线在1.5 cm以上的输尿管上段结石( L4以上)纳入本组研究,182例患者分别接受tubeless-PCNL(54例)或URL(128例)两种手术方式治疗。比较两种方法的手术成功率,对比手术时间、术中出血量(平均血红蛋白减少量)、并发症、平均住院时间和结石残留率等。结果:54例患者行tubeless-PCNL手术治疗,结石最大径线平均为(1.9±0.4) cm,2例患者术后留置了肾造瘘管,52例手术成功(96.3%),这52例成功tubeless-PCNL手术的患者平均手术时间(30.1±14.8) min,平均血红蛋白减少量为(10.2±6.1) g/L,术后平均住院时间为(3.0±1.4) d,结石残留率为2%(1/52)。术后并发症为肾周血肿(1例)、术后发热(2例)、白细胞升高(11例)、术后疼痛(3例)。128例患者行URL,URL组结石最大径线平均为(1.7±0.3) cm。 URL组手术失败19例(10例改行PCNL,5例放弃手术留置DJ管碎石,4例结石返回肾盂),109例患者手术成功(85.1%)。这109例URL手术成功的患者平均手术时间(51.3±25.5) min,平均血红蛋白减少量为(5.2±7.2) g/L,术后平均住院时间(2.9±1.3) d;结石残留率为11.9%(13/109)。术后并发症主要为术后发热(3例)、白细胞升高(42例)、术后尿道口或胁腹部疼痛(13例)。两组相比,结石大小差异无统计学意义,tubeless-PCNL组取石成功率高于URL组,除平均血红蛋白减少量tubeless-PCNL组略高于URL组以外,平均手术时间、结石残留率和并发症发生率,tubeless-PCNL组均低于URL组。结论:最大径线1.5 cm以上的输尿管上段结石URL手术难度相对较大,与URL相比PCNL手术难度降低。对于有丰富PCNL手术经验的医师,采用tubeless-PCNL手术成功率更高,而且tubeless-PCNL并不增加患者并发症与住院时间,比采用URL更为有效。
目的:比較無管化經皮腎鏡碎石術(tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy ,tubeless-PCNL)和輸尿管鏡碎石術( ureteroscopic lithotripsy ,URL)處理輸尿管上段結石的有效性和安全性。方法:迴顧性分析2009年9月至2013年7月就診于北京大學人民醫院的輸尿管結石患者資料,結石最大徑線在1.5 cm以上的輸尿管上段結石( L4以上)納入本組研究,182例患者分彆接受tubeless-PCNL(54例)或URL(128例)兩種手術方式治療。比較兩種方法的手術成功率,對比手術時間、術中齣血量(平均血紅蛋白減少量)、併髮癥、平均住院時間和結石殘留率等。結果:54例患者行tubeless-PCNL手術治療,結石最大徑線平均為(1.9±0.4) cm,2例患者術後留置瞭腎造瘺管,52例手術成功(96.3%),這52例成功tubeless-PCNL手術的患者平均手術時間(30.1±14.8) min,平均血紅蛋白減少量為(10.2±6.1) g/L,術後平均住院時間為(3.0±1.4) d,結石殘留率為2%(1/52)。術後併髮癥為腎週血腫(1例)、術後髮熱(2例)、白細胞升高(11例)、術後疼痛(3例)。128例患者行URL,URL組結石最大徑線平均為(1.7±0.3) cm。 URL組手術失敗19例(10例改行PCNL,5例放棄手術留置DJ管碎石,4例結石返迴腎盂),109例患者手術成功(85.1%)。這109例URL手術成功的患者平均手術時間(51.3±25.5) min,平均血紅蛋白減少量為(5.2±7.2) g/L,術後平均住院時間(2.9±1.3) d;結石殘留率為11.9%(13/109)。術後併髮癥主要為術後髮熱(3例)、白細胞升高(42例)、術後尿道口或脅腹部疼痛(13例)。兩組相比,結石大小差異無統計學意義,tubeless-PCNL組取石成功率高于URL組,除平均血紅蛋白減少量tubeless-PCNL組略高于URL組以外,平均手術時間、結石殘留率和併髮癥髮生率,tubeless-PCNL組均低于URL組。結論:最大徑線1.5 cm以上的輸尿管上段結石URL手術難度相對較大,與URL相比PCNL手術難度降低。對于有豐富PCNL手術經驗的醫師,採用tubeless-PCNL手術成功率更高,而且tubeless-PCNL併不增加患者併髮癥與住院時間,比採用URL更為有效。
목적:비교무관화경피신경쇄석술(tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy ,tubeless-PCNL)화수뇨관경쇄석술( ureteroscopic lithotripsy ,URL)처리수뇨관상단결석적유효성화안전성。방법:회고성분석2009년9월지2013년7월취진우북경대학인민의원적수뇨관결석환자자료,결석최대경선재1.5 cm이상적수뇨관상단결석( L4이상)납입본조연구,182례환자분별접수tubeless-PCNL(54례)혹URL(128례)량충수술방식치료。비교량충방법적수술성공솔,대비수술시간、술중출혈량(평균혈홍단백감소량)、병발증、평균주원시간화결석잔류솔등。결과:54례환자행tubeless-PCNL수술치료,결석최대경선평균위(1.9±0.4) cm,2례환자술후류치료신조루관,52례수술성공(96.3%),저52례성공tubeless-PCNL수술적환자평균수술시간(30.1±14.8) min,평균혈홍단백감소량위(10.2±6.1) g/L,술후평균주원시간위(3.0±1.4) d,결석잔류솔위2%(1/52)。술후병발증위신주혈종(1례)、술후발열(2례)、백세포승고(11례)、술후동통(3례)。128례환자행URL,URL조결석최대경선평균위(1.7±0.3) cm。 URL조수술실패19례(10례개행PCNL,5례방기수술류치DJ관쇄석,4례결석반회신우),109례환자수술성공(85.1%)。저109례URL수술성공적환자평균수술시간(51.3±25.5) min,평균혈홍단백감소량위(5.2±7.2) g/L,술후평균주원시간(2.9±1.3) d;결석잔류솔위11.9%(13/109)。술후병발증주요위술후발열(3례)、백세포승고(42례)、술후뇨도구혹협복부동통(13례)。량조상비,결석대소차이무통계학의의,tubeless-PCNL조취석성공솔고우URL조,제평균혈홍단백감소량tubeless-PCNL조략고우URL조이외,평균수술시간、결석잔류솔화병발증발생솔,tubeless-PCNL조균저우URL조。결론:최대경선1.5 cm이상적수뇨관상단결석URL수술난도상대교대,여URL상비PCNL수술난도강저。대우유봉부PCNL수술경험적의사,채용tubeless-PCNL수술성공솔경고,이차tubeless-PCNL병불증가환자병발증여주원시간,비채용URL경위유효。
Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy ( tubeless-PCNL) and ureteroscopic lithotripsy ( URL) in treatment of impacted upper-ureteral calculi ≥1.5 cm in size.Methods:Patients with ureteral stones sized ≥1.5 cm and lodged above the fourth lum-bar vertebra who were treated between September 2009 and July 2013 in Peking University People ’ s Hos-pital were retrospectively analyzed .In the study , 182 patients underwent tubeless-PCNL or URL treat-ment respectively , and the operation success rates were compared .The duration of operation , intraopera-tive blood loss ( average hemoglobin decrease ) , complications , mean hospital stay and residual stone rates were also compared.Results: Fifty-four patients underwent tubeless-PCNL treatment,the average stone size was (1.9 ±0.4) cm,nephrostomy tubes were placed in two patients ,and the operation success rate was 96.3%(52/54).In the rest of the 52 patients,and the mean operation time was (30.1 ±14.8) minutes with an average postoperative hemoglobin decrease of (10.2 ±6.1) g/L, and the mean hospital stay was (3.0 ±1.4) days.Only one of the patients had residual fragments (2%).The main complica-tions included minor perirenal hematoma in 1 patient, fever in 2 patients, elevated blood WBC in 11 patients,and analgesics requirement in 3 patients.In the study, 128 patients were treated with URL,the average stone size was (1.7 ±0.3) cm.19 procedures failed,and 10 patients were converted to PCNL, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was executed subsequently after double -J stent placement in 5 patients,and migration of calculi or stone fragments happened in 4 patients.The mean operative time was (51.3 ±25.5) minutes for the remaining 109 patients with a hemoglobin reduction of (5.2 ±7.2) g/L. The mean hospital stay was (2.9 ±1.3) days, and residual stones were found in 13 of the 109 patients (11.9%).The main complications included fever in 3 patients, elevated blood WBC in 42 patients, an-algesics requirement in 13 patients because of pain in the urethra or flank .The size of the stones between the two group didn ’ t show significant difference ,but the success rate of the tubeless-PCNL procedure was significantly higher .Except that hemoglobin decrease was slightly higher in the tubeless-PCNL group ,the mean operative time , the rate of residual stones and rate of complications of the tubeless-PCNL group were lower significantly.Conclusion:Treating stones above 4th lumbar vertebra larger than 1.5 cm were challenging .It is difficult to treat these stones with URL because of a high probability to fail , but on the contrary, tubeless-PCNL was more likely to be performed successfully .For surgeons experienced with the PCNL technology, treating stones≥1.5 cm with tubeless-PCNL procedure may turn out to be more effi-cient and with a higher operation success rate , and the risk of complications was lower without lengthe-ning the postoperative hospital stay .