CAJ | 학술논문

中国的食品安全监管体制大致经历了三个发展阶段：计划经济时期“以食品生产、经营主管部门为主、卫生部门为辅”的食品卫生管理体制，计划经济向市场经济过渡时期“卫生部门领导、多部门共同负责”的混合管理体制，市场经济体制确立之后“多部门分工负责、统一协调”的食品安全监管体制。在这个过程中，中国政府对食品安全监管职能的认识不断深入，实现了从“食品卫生管理”到“食品安全监管”的转变；食品安全监管机构的设置更加科学，监管机构的独立性与可问责性受到重视；食品安全监管权的配置逐步完善，从“分段监管”为主转向主要按“品种”划分监管权限；日益强调食品安全监管部门间的协调配合，重视政府、企业、社会的合作治理。
중국적식품안전감관체제대치경력료삼개발전계단：계화경제시기“이식품생산、경영주관부문위주、위생부문위보”적식품위생관리체제，계화경제향시장경제과도시기“위생부문령도、다부문공동부책”적혼합관리체제，시장경제체제학립지후“다부문분공부책、통일협조”적식품안전감관체제。재저개과정중，중국정부대식품안전감관직능적인식불단심입，실현료종“식품위생관리”도“식품안전감관”적전변；식품안전감관궤구적설치경가과학，감관궤구적독립성여가문책성수도중시；식품안전감관권적배치축보완선，종“분단감관”위주전향주요안“품충”화분감관권한；일익강조식품안전감관부문간적협조배합，중시정부、기업、사회적합작치리。
T he food safety regulatory system in China has been through three stages :food hygiene man‐agement system-the departments in charge of food production and operation were taken as principal ac‐tors and the hygiene department as supplement during the Planned Economy era ;hybrid management system -the hygiene department leads and other departments are in charge of food hygiene during the shifting from Planned Economy to Socialist Market Economy ;food safety regulatory system -multi‐de‐partments have been dividing the regulatory functions and coordinating unifiedly after Market Economy has been set up .During this process ,Chinese Government gained deeper understanding on food safety regulatory function and achieved the transition from “food hygiene management” to “food safety regula‐tion” .The institution of food safety regulation has been organized reasonably and regulatory agencies'independence and accountability have been valued .The allocation of food safety regulatory power has been improved step by step thus regulatory powers have been divided from by the stage of food operation to by food species .The cooperation among food safety regulatory agencies has more often been focused on ,as well as the cooperation among the government ,enterprise and society .