CAJ | 학술논문

为了促进酚醛树脂在炭化过程中的石墨化，以工业液态酚醛树脂为碳源，微米尺度的 KCl 为催化剂，经混合、六亚甲基四胺固化处理后，在埋炭1000℃保温3 h 热处理条件下，研究了 KCl 添加量（掺入酚醛树脂质量的1％、3％、5％和7％）对树脂碳的物相、微观结构的影响及碳纤维的生长机制。结果表明：KCl 催化后提高了树脂碳的石墨化程度，树脂碳中原位生长较多碳纤维和片状碳，碳纤维直径为30～200 nm，长度可达10～20μm；KCl 最优添加量为5％（w），此时树脂碳中发现相对较多碳纤维，XRD 图谱中出现较明显的石墨 d002衍射峰；探索认为碳纤维的生长机制为：高温下 KCl 熔化后吸收酚醛树脂分解产生的含碳气体，促进固相 C 原子在液相 KCl 中扩散，达到 C 溶解饱和后，在局部不断析出碳原子，再进一步生长成碳纤维或片状碳，同时，熔体中局部 C 原子形成的浓度梯度，也给碳纤维或片状碳在 KCl 表面析出提供生长动力。
위료촉진분철수지재탄화과정중적석묵화，이공업액태분철수지위탄원，미미척도적 KCl 위최화제，경혼합、륙아갑기사알고화처리후，재매탄1000℃보온3 h 열처리조건하，연구료 KCl 첨가량（참입분철수지질량적1％、3％、5％화7％）대수지탄적물상、미관결구적영향급탄섬유적생장궤제。결과표명：KCl 최화후제고료수지탄적석묵화정도，수지탄중원위생장교다탄섬유화편상탄，탄섬유직경위30～200 nm，장도가체10～20μm；KCl 최우첨가량위5％（w），차시수지탄중발현상대교다탄섬유，XRD 도보중출현교명현적석묵 d002연사봉；탐색인위탄섬유적생장궤제위：고온하 KCl 용화후흡수분철수지분해산생적함탄기체，촉진고상 C 원자재액상 KCl 중확산，체도 C 용해포화후，재국부불단석출탄원자，재진일보생장성탄섬유혹편상탄，동시，용체중국부 C 원자형성적농도제도，야급탄섬유혹편상탄재 KCl 표면석출제공생장동력。
Effects of the KCl additions (1%,3%,5% and 7% of the phenolic resin mass)on phase composi-tion and microstructure of the resin carbon and the growth mechanism of carbon fibers were investigated by using commercial liquid phenolic resin as carbon source and micron-scaled KCl as catalyzer,mixing,hexa-methylenetetramine solidification treating,carbon-embedded firing at 1 000 ℃ for 3 h in order to accelerate the graphitization of phenolic resin during carbonization.The results show that the graphitization degree of resin carbon is improved by catalysis of KCl,numerous carbon fibers with 30 -200 nm in diameter and 10 -20μm in length and sheet-like carbon in situ grow in resin carbon.The optimal addition of KCl is 5 mass% when relatively large amount of carbon fibers can be found in resin carbon,and d002 diffraction peak of graphite ap-pears obviously in the XRD pattern.The growth mechanism of carbon fiber is that the molten KCl at high tem-peratures absorbs carbonaceous gas from the decomposition of phenolic resin,accelerating the diffusion of solid C atoms in liquid KCl;after the dissolution of C saturates,carbon atoms separate continuously in local parts to form carbon fiber or sheet-like carbon;meanwhile,the concentration gradient formed by local carbon atoms in the melt offers growth drive for the separation of carbon fiber or sheet-like carbon on KCl surface.