CAJ | 학술논문

淡水透镜体是珊瑚礁岛屿上重要的地下淡水资源，对于满足人们的日常生活需要和维护珊瑚礁岛屿的生态系统非常关键。文章回顾了国内外珊瑚礁岛屿淡水透镜体的研究历程，介绍了它的理论和特征，综述了其发育和演化与岛屿的水文地质、气候、潮汐、地形和植被等的关系。另外，自然压力，诸如干旱、海水入侵、海平面升高和岛的机械侵蚀等，以及人为压力，如过多抽取淡水、污染、地形改变和海岸工程等，都对珊瑚礁岛屿淡水透镜体的稳定造成了威胁，对这类干扰方面的研究也有很多。文章还介绍了常用的淡水透镜体研究模型，包括物理模型、解析模型和数学模型，并对其在淡水透镜体中的研究应用作了概述。对中国珊瑚礁岛屿淡水透镜体的研究现状也作了介绍，研究涉及西沙群岛永兴岛珊瑚礁淡水透镜体的厚度、抽取地下水导致的倒锥现象和生物修复等方面。最后，文章对南海珊瑚礁岛屿淡水透镜体的研究作出展望，提出开展对南海其他珊瑚礁岛屿淡水透镜体的研究工作，以及如何使抽取的地下水除污并可供饮用。
담수투경체시산호초도서상중요적지하담수자원，대우만족인문적일상생활수요화유호산호초도서적생태계통비상관건。문장회고료국내외산호초도서담수투경체적연구역정，개소료타적이론화특정，종술료기발육화연화여도서적수문지질、기후、조석、지형화식피등적관계。령외，자연압력，제여간한、해수입침、해평면승고화도적궤계침식등，이급인위압력，여과다추취담수、오염、지형개변화해안공정등，도대산호초도서담수투경체적은정조성료위협，대저류간우방면적연구야유흔다。문장환개소료상용적담수투경체연구모형，포괄물리모형、해석모형화수학모형，병대기재담수투경체중적연구응용작료개술。대중국산호초도서담수투경체적연구현상야작료개소，연구섭급서사군도영흥도산호초담수투경체적후도、추취지하수도치적도추현상화생물수복등방면。최후，문장대남해산호초도서담수투경체적연구작출전망，제출개전대남해기타산호초도서담수투경체적연구공작，이급여하사추취적지하수제오병가공음용。
Freshwater lens is an important groundwater resource in coral reef islands, and is essential to meet people’s needs and maintain the ecosystem of the island. In this paper, researches on the freshwater lens in the coral reef island are reviewed, including its theory and characteristics. Some factors related to the development of the freshwater lens are summarized, such as, those of hydrogeology, climate, tide, topography and vegetation of the island. The threats from natural and human activities are more serious to freshwater lens than before and need more attention, for example, drought, seawater intrusion, sea-level rising, mechanic erosion of the island, over-drawing of freshwater, pollution, the changes of the landform and coastal construction, etc. may cause damages on freshwater lens. In this paper, some models used in the study of the freshwater lens are described, such as physical models, analytical models and numerical models. The study of the freshwater lens in China is also introduced. Most researches are focused on Yongxing Island of the Xisha Islands. The study contents involve the thickness of the freshwater lens, its changes with rain, the up-coning of the interface caused by withdrawing of the groundwater, and bioremediation of the freshwater lens. Finally, prospect for the study of the freshwater lens in coral reef islands is given in the paper. It is suggested that more islands in the South China Sea should be studied, and techniques to clean the pollution of groundwater and make the water drinkable should be developed.