CAJ | 학술논문

新丰江水库流域是广东省最大的饮用水源保护区，对东江下游和香港地区的用水安全有十分重要的作用，水质长期保持在国家地表水I类标准。但随着经济的发展，水库上游地区人类活动加剧，对水质和水量造成潜在威胁。通过2007、2008年对新丰江水库上游流域采样分析氮磷质量分数，发现总氮和总磷超过地表水Ⅱ类标准的采样点比例分别为48%和12%。与总磷相比，新丰江水库上游总氮的污染要更加严重，丰水期超标点明显少于枯水期，而枯水期氮-磷正相关关系较好（P＜0.0001，R2＝0.8683），污染物可能为同一污染源或同期释放。空间上超标点多位于新丰、连平县城和大型城镇居民点如马头、忠信、灯塔镇附近，河流污染主要来自生活污水和养殖废水等人为点源污染。尽管目前新丰江水库库区的水质情况总体较好，但上游水质也存在恶化风险，可能导致水库自净能力降低，水体富营养化加剧，因此需要对新丰江水库上游的水质进行定期监测，通过控制内、外源性氮磷措施，以减少饮用水源安全风险和保证新丰江水库水质长期稳定。
신봉강수고류역시광동성최대적음용수원보호구，대동강하유화향항지구적용수안전유십분중요적작용，수질장기보지재국가지표수I류표준。단수착경제적발전，수고상유지구인류활동가극，대수질화수량조성잠재위협。통과2007、2008년대신봉강수고상유류역채양분석담린질량분수，발현총담화총린초과지표수Ⅱ류표준적채양점비례분별위48%화12%。여총린상비，신봉강수고상유총담적오염요경가엄중，봉수기초표점명현소우고수기，이고수기담-린정상관관계교호（P＜0.0001，R2＝0.8683），오염물가능위동일오염원혹동기석방。공간상초표점다위우신봉、련평현성화대형성진거민점여마두、충신、등탑진부근，하류오염주요래자생활오수화양식폐수등인위점원오염。진관목전신봉강수고고구적수질정황총체교호，단상유수질야존재악화풍험，가능도치수고자정능력강저，수체부영양화가극，인차수요대신봉강수고상유적수질진행정기감측，통과공제내、외원성담린조시，이감소음용수원안전풍험화보증신봉강수고수질장기은정。
Xingfengjiang Reservoir (XFJR) is the greatest reservoir in Guangdong Province, China. XFJR provides drinking water for a population of 40 million in Huizhou, Dongguan, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Hong Kong, which have a big portion in economic development of China. At present, water quality of XFJR maintains I type of environmental quality standards for surface water. However, with the fast economic development in the Pearl River Delta and the upriver areas, human activities have become intense and environmental problems become increasingly serious, which may directly influence water quality and quantity of the reservoir. In 2007 and 2008 we collected water samples from upriver watercourse of XFJR and analyzed the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. The results showed that, nitrogen and phosphorus pollution was more in dry season than that in wet season at time scale, and more in residential area near cities and towns than in rural area at spatial scale. The results indicated that the main pollution was from point source pollution, including domestic sewage and breeding wastewater discharging. The risks of water quality deterioration exist in upriver watercourse of XFJR, which may lead to ecological problems, such as eutrophication and external biological invasion. It is suggested that water quality of the upriver watercourse of XFJR should be monitored regularly so as to protect the stability of water quality of XFJR and reduce the risks of deterioration of drinking water source.