CAJ | 학술논문

目的：对部队干部人群进行短期集中减重干预和长期维持减重指导，建立适合该人群的体重管理模式。方法从参加2010年体检的武警军官中随机抽取单纯性超重及肥胖患者142例作为研究对象，干预随访24个月，得到有效样本130例。其中男97例，女33例，年龄27~59岁，平均（47.4±7.6）岁。分别于干预开始、干预后6个月和干预结束时测量相关指标，采用SPSS16.0进行统计学分析。计量资料采用重复测量的方差分析，计数资料采用非参数检验。结果部队干部人群体重干预管理模式分3个阶段，分别为集中减重阶段6个月，巩固减重成果6个月，自我管理维持12个月，共计24个月。经过2年的体重集中干预和管理，研究对象的体质指数从（27.42±2.81）kg/m2下降到（24.69±2.63）kg/m2（F=2649.945，P<0.05），腰围从（91.09±8.24）cm下降到（85.26±7.76）cm（F=1207.248，P<0.05）；非参数检验结果显示，2年干预管理前后思维行为模式均有改善。运动所占比例从33.8%上升到73.3%（H=68.448，P<0.05）；称体重习惯从21.5%上升到82.3%（H=134.566，P<0.05）；吸烟所占比例从38.5%下降到20.0%（H=33.692，P<0.05）；饮酒比例从50.8%下降到20.8%（H=59.128， P<0.05）；高盐饮食习惯从39.2%下降到23.1%（H=31.722，P<0.05）；高脂饮食从46.2%下降到27.7%（H=41.571，P<0.05）。结论短期集中减重和长期巩固维持，从饮食、运动和心理方面进行干预，实现干部人群由被动控制体重到主动自我管理健康的思维转变，有显著效果。
목적：대부대간부인군진행단기집중감중간예화장기유지감중지도，건립괄합해인군적체중관리모식。방법종삼가2010년체검적무경군관중수궤추취단순성초중급비반환자142례작위연구대상，간예수방24개월，득도유효양본130례。기중남97례，녀33례，년령27~59세，평균（47.4±7.6）세。분별우간예개시、간예후6개월화간예결속시측량상관지표，채용SPSS16.0진행통계학분석。계량자료채용중복측량적방차분석，계수자료채용비삼수검험。결과부대간부인군체중간예관리모식분3개계단，분별위집중감중계단6개월，공고감중성과6개월，자아관리유지12개월，공계24개월。경과2년적체중집중간예화관리，연구대상적체질지수종（27.42±2.81）kg/m2하강도（24.69±2.63）kg/m2（F=2649.945，P<0.05），요위종（91.09±8.24）cm하강도（85.26±7.76）cm（F=1207.248，P<0.05）；비삼수검험결과현시，2년간예관리전후사유행위모식균유개선。운동소점비례종33.8%상승도73.3%（H=68.448，P<0.05）；칭체중습관종21.5%상승도82.3%（H=134.566，P<0.05）；흡연소점비례종38.5%하강도20.0%（H=33.692，P<0.05）；음주비례종50.8%하강도20.8%（H=59.128， P<0.05）；고염음식습관종39.2%하강도23.1%（H=31.722，P<0.05）；고지음식종46.2%하강도27.7%（H=41.571，P<0.05）。결론단기집중감중화장기공고유지，종음식、운동화심리방면진행간예，실현간부인군유피동공제체중도주동자아관리건강적사유전변，유현저효과。
Objective To look for suitable short-term weight loss and long-term maintenance method for army cadres. Method A total of 142 patients with simple overweight and obesity were randomly selected as the research subjects, and were followed up for 2 years, 130 of them were valid for analysis, 97 were male, and 33 female, age 27-59 years, average(47.41±7.55)years. SPSS 16.0 was used for analysis. Repeated measurements analysis of variance was used for data analysis, K-related samples nonparametric test was used for enumeration data. Result The army cadres population weight intervention management model was divided into three stages. They were respectively intensified weight loss stage for 6 months, the consolidation of weight loss for 6 months, and self-management stage maintained for 12 months, totally 24 months. Variance analysis results showed that after two years of focused intervention and health management, the body mass index(BMI)fell from(27.42 ± 2.81)kg/m2 to(24.69 ± 2.63)kg/m2 (F=2 649.945, P<0.05), waist circumference decreased from(91.09±8.24)cm to(85.26±7.76)cm(F=1 207.248, P<0.05). Nonparametric test results showed that after two years intervention management the behavior patterns concerning physical exercise became better. Exercisers increased from 33.8%to 73.3%(H=68.448, P<0.05); proportion of smoking decreased from 38.5% to 20.0%(H=33.692, P<0.05); drinking alcohol decreased from 50.8%to 20.8%(H=59.128, P<0.05);high salt diet decreased from 39.2%to 23.1%(H=31.722, P<0.05);high-fat diet decreased from 46.2%to 27.7%(H=41.571, P<0.05). Conclusion The practice showed that the short-term intensified weight loss, long-term maintenance, exercise and psychological intervention, changed the cadres population from passive to active on the weight control and self-management with remarkable effects, therefore such intervention is worthy of promoting.