CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解重性精神疾病患者的主要照顾者对精神疾病患者暴力行为的认知状况。方法：采用自制的调查问卷对北京某精神病医院208例精神疾病患者的主要照顾者进行调查。结果：208例精神疾病患者主要照顾者院外遭受暴力行为发生率为74.04%。照顾者缺乏对暴力行为的认知，特别缺乏对处理精神疾病患者暴力行为的先兆和处理暴力行为的相关知识，有46.15%的照顾者不了解暴力行为的先兆表现，有68.75%的照顾者不了解处理暴力行为的技巧，有39.42%的主要照顾者在精神病患者暴力行为发生时因感到难以启齿而不愿求助，另外有42.79%的主要照顾者认为精神病患者的暴力行为不可避免，对患者暴力行为的态度消极、悲观。结论：精神疾病患者的主要照顾者遭受暴力攻击发生率高，对暴力行为的认知水平低，态度消极。应在医院和社区制定合理护理干预措施并为照顾者提供健康教育，以减少照顾者遭受暴力攻击。
목적：료해중성정신질병환자적주요조고자대정신질병환자폭역행위적인지상황。방법：채용자제적조사문권대북경모정신병의원208례정신질병환자적주요조고자진행조사。결과：208례정신질병환자주요조고자원외조수폭역행위발생솔위74.04%。조고자결핍대폭역행위적인지，특별결핍대처리정신질병환자폭역행위적선조화처리폭역행위적상관지식，유46.15%적조고자불료해폭역행위적선조표현，유68.75%적조고자불료해처리폭역행위적기교，유39.42%적주요조고자재정신병환자폭역행위발생시인감도난이계치이불원구조，령외유42.79%적주요조고자인위정신병환자적폭역행위불가피면，대환자폭역행위적태도소겁、비관。결론：정신질병환자적주요조고자조수폭력공격발생솔고，대폭역행위적인지수평저，태도소겁。응재의원화사구제정합리호리간예조시병위조고자제공건강교육，이감소조고자조수폭력공격。
Objective:To investigate cognition of primary caregivers of patients with severe mental disorder towards violent behaviors of these patients. Method:A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate 208 mental patients' primary caregivers from one psychiatry hospital in Beijing. Result:The incidence rate of violent behaviors to primary caregivers outside of the hospital was 74.04%. Their cognition towards violent behaviors of patients with severe mental disorder was deifcient especially about how to deal with the sign of violent behaviors and the relative skills. 46.15%of caregivers did not understand the manifestation of violent behaviors and 68.75%of caregivers did not understand the skills to deal with violent behaviors, towards violent acts 39.42%of the primary caregivers felt ashamed to seek help when they were attacked by patients and another 42.79%of the primary caregivers believed violent acts were inevitable and held negative attitudes. Conclusion:Primary caregivers suffer a high incidence rate of violent attacks and hold negative attitudes and low cognition towards violent behaviors.Reasonable nursing interventions should be made in hospitals and communities and health education should be provided for caregivers to reduce violent attacks.