CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解百色市麻疹疫情长期变化趋势，为进一步控制和实现消除麻疹提供依据。方法麻疹发病资料来自法定传染病报告系统和麻疹监测信息报告系统（MSS），采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果百色市1996—2013年麻疹发病率总体呈下降趋势，2011年降至最低水平（0/10万）。2008年后的发病高峰后移2～3个月，发病年龄仍以1～14岁为主，但2013年发生的暴发疫情病例中<1岁组和>15岁组的发病占比增加，出现发病年龄双向位移的趋势。8月龄～14岁患者中无免疫史或免疫史不详者3032例，占61.59%。结论麻疹疫苗接种免疫空白是麻疹发病的主要原因。近年采取的强化免疫和查漏补种等综合防制措施是有效的。应进一步提高含麻疹成分疫苗2剂次接种率达95%，提高监测质量和早期疫情应急处置能力以及控制医院内感染。
목적：료해백색시마진역정장기변화추세，위진일보공제화실현소제마진제공의거。방법마진발병자료래자법정전염병보고계통화마진감측신식보고계통（MSS），채용묘술류행병학방법진행분석。결과백색시1996—2013년마진발병솔총체정하강추세，2011년강지최저수평（0/10만）。2008년후적발병고봉후이2～3개월，발병년령잉이1～14세위주，단2013년발생적폭발역정병례중<1세조화>15세조적발병점비증가，출현발병년령쌍향위이적추세。8월령～14세환자중무면역사혹면역사불상자3032례，점61.59%。결론마진역묘접충면역공백시마진발병적주요원인。근년채취적강화면역화사루보충등종합방제조시시유효적。응진일보제고함마진성분역묘2제차접충솔체95%，제고감측질량화조기역정응급처치능력이급공제의원내감염。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 1996 to 2013 in Baise City,and provide the evidence for further control and elimination of measles. Methods The epidemiological characteristic of measles in Baise City was analyzed with description epidemiological methods by using the data recorded in the measles surveillance system (MSS) from 1996 to 2013. Results The overall incidence rate of measles in Baise showed a trend of decline in the period and the incidence rate in 2011 decreased to zero. After 2008 the outbreak peak of each year postponed 2-3 months and the onset group was dominated by 1-14 years-old children. While in the outbreaks of 2013, higher onset proportions in the groups of <1 year-old and >15 year-old with non-immunization were recorded, the age distribution in onset cases had a trend of bi-directional displacements. In the cases aged 8 months to 14 years the proportion of unknown immunization or non-immunization persons was 61.59%. Conclusion Having not enough MV immunization is a major cause of measles outbreak. In recent years, enhanced immunization measures are effective. We should further improve the coverage of measles vaccine to 95%, and improve the quality of monitoring and the early warning and infection control in hospitals.