CAJ | 학술논문

随着港口投资结构多元化、航运企业向综合物流商转变，“港航合一”成为航运业未来的发展趋势。在此背景下，研究航运企业投资对码头的影响能够为码头健康发展提供一定的理论依据。本文先采用三阶段DEA模型对我国沿海集装箱码头2008–2012年间的运营效率进行测度，其次依据投资结构将我国沿海62个集装箱码头进行分组，最后重点分析投资结构与码头运营效率之间的关系。研究结果显示，有航运企业投资的码头运营效率普遍高于无航运企业投资的码头，两组码头的纯技术效率相差较小，而规模效率相差较大。航运企业参与码头建设经营可以实现自有船舶挂靠自有码头，提升码头设施的利用率，从而提升码头的规模效率，有利于码头的健康发展。
수착항구투자결구다원화、항운기업향종합물류상전변，“항항합일”성위항운업미래적발전추세。재차배경하，연구항운기업투자대마두적영향능구위마두건강발전제공일정적이론의거。본문선채용삼계단DEA모형대아국연해집장상마두2008–2012년간적운영효솔진행측도，기차의거투자결구장아국연해62개집장상마두진행분조，최후중점분석투자결구여마두운영효솔지간적관계。연구결과현시，유항운기업투자적마두운영효솔보편고우무항운기업투자적마두，량조마두적순기술효솔상차교소，이규모효솔상차교대。항운기업삼여마두건설경영가이실현자유선박괘고자유마두，제승마두설시적이용솔，종이제승마두적규모효솔，유리우마두적건강발전。
With the way of port investment becomes diversified, people witness that shipping enterprises transform into integrated logistic enterprises. That makes the merge of port and shipping enterprises becomes a new trend in the shipping industry. Under this circumstance, the three-stage DEA model is adopted to estimate the efficiency of coastal container terminal from 2008 to 2012 in China. The terminal will be divided into two groups based on investment structure. The relationship between investment structure and operation efficiency of container terminals is which the analysis focuses on in the latter section. The research outcomes show that the efficiency of container terminals incorporated with shipping enterprises is commonly higher than that of container terminals without any shipping enterprises’investment. The difference of pure technical efficiency is tiny, but the difference of scale efficiency is enormous. Shipping enterprise’s investment make vessels dock at its own terminal, which enhances the utilization of facilities. That turns out that the investment of shipping enterprises can promote the development of terminal enterprises.