CAJ | 학술논문

目的：测定不同孕周胎儿房室腔正常值范围、大血管径线及血流速度，评价各孕周房室腔大小及血流速度与孕周的动态变化规律。方法4139例中晚期孕妇根据不同孕周分为三组，A组：孕18～22周（91例）；B组：孕23～28周（3315例）；C组：孕29～40周（733例）。超声心动图扫查胎儿心脏，测量各相关参数，分析各参数与孕周的关系。结果各组间胎儿心脏房室腔、大血管径线正常值及胎儿心脏血流速度正常值比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。主动脉、主肺动脉、右肺动脉、左肺动脉、动脉导管内径、动脉导管长度、左房长径、左房横径、右房长径、左房横径、左室长径、左室横径、右室长径、右室横径、卵圆孔内径、室间隔厚度、左室壁厚度、右室壁厚度、动脉导管收缩期流速与孕周均呈正相关（P＜0．05）。结论正常胎儿心脏发育各心腔及大血管的径线与孕周呈正相关，这可为胎儿心脏发育异常及胎儿先天性心脏病的超声诊断提供正常对照。
목적：측정불동잉주태인방실강정상치범위、대혈관경선급혈류속도，평개각잉주방실강대소급혈류속도여잉주적동태변화규률。방법4139례중만기잉부근거불동잉주분위삼조，A조：잉18～22주（91례）；B조：잉23～28주（3315례）；C조：잉29～40주（733례）。초성심동도소사태인심장，측량각상관삼수，분석각삼수여잉주적관계。결과각조간태인심장방실강、대혈관경선정상치급태인심장혈류속도정상치비교，차이균유통계학의의（P＜0．05）。주동맥、주폐동맥、우폐동맥、좌폐동맥、동맥도관내경、동맥도관장도、좌방장경、좌방횡경、우방장경、좌방횡경、좌실장경、좌실횡경、우실장경、우실횡경、란원공내경、실간격후도、좌실벽후도、우실벽후도、동맥도관수축기류속여잉주균정정상관（P＜0．05）。결론정상태인심장발육각심강급대혈관적경선여잉주정정상관，저가위태인심장발육이상급태인선천성심장병적초성진단제공정상대조。
Objective To measure the atrioventricular cavity size and the great artery diameters of normal fetuses at different gestational weeks, and to evaluate the dynamic variation of the parameters among different gestational weeks. Methods Totally 4139 cases of middle-late pregnant women were divided into three groups according to gestational weeks, including group A(18~22 weeks, 91 cases), group B(23~28 weeks, 3315 cases) and group C(29~39 weeks,733 cases). Color Doppler echocardiography was used to scan fetal hearts. The relevant parameters were measured,the relationship between them and gestational age was analyzed. Results There were significant differences in the normal fetal heart size, great artery diameter and cardiac flow velocity among three groups(P<0.05). The correlation coefficients and the following various measured parameters were obtained. These parameters include the diameter of aorta, the main pulmonary artery, right and left pulmonary artery, arterial duct diameter and length, transverse and longitudinal diameter of left and right atria, left and right ventricle, foramen ovale size, ventricular septal, left and right ventricular wall thickness and systolic velocity of arterial duct. All these parameters were positively correlated with gestational weeks (P<0.05). Conclusion The cardiac chamber size and diameter of great arteries are positively correlated with gestational weeks, which provides a normal control for the diganosis of abnormal development and congenital heart diseases in fetuses.