福建农业学报
福建農業學報
복건농업학보
FUJIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2014年
12期
1230-1235
,共6页
高峰%尤垂淮%刘朝科%张涛%汤术开%古力%丁博锐%张重义
高峰%尤垂淮%劉朝科%張濤%湯術開%古力%丁博銳%張重義
고봉%우수회%류조과%장도%탕술개%고력%정박예%장중의
烤烟%微生物菌剂%根际微生物%功能多样性%土壤酶
烤煙%微生物菌劑%根際微生物%功能多樣性%土壤酶
고연%미생물균제%근제미생물%공능다양성%토양매
Nicotina tobaccum%microbial agent%rhizospheric%function diversity%soil enzyme
以烤烟红花大金元为试验材料,在连作5年植烟土壤中施用微生物菌剂,发现该微生物菌剂提高了烤烟的产量、产值、均价和中上等烟比重,在一定程度上克服了烤烟的连作障碍,并初步对其可能的微生物机制进行分析。通过平板计数,发现微生物菌剂处理烤烟根际土壤的细菌、放线菌、真菌分别比对照高128.57%、191.43%、107.61%。BIOLOG 分析表明,施用微生物菌剂对烤烟根际土壤中以糖类、酚酸、氨基酸、胺类、羧酸衍生物为碳源进行生长的微生物有促进作用,且施用微生物菌剂处理的烤烟根际土壤微生物的 SIMPSON (J)指数、SHANNON (H)指数、SHANNON (H)均匀度指数、BRILLOUIN 指数、McIntosh (Dmc)指数均高于对照,表明微生物菌剂处理提高了土壤微生物功能多样性。微生物菌剂处理烤烟根际土壤中纤维素酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶、脱氢酶和蔗糖酶活性分别比对照增加了52.44%、482.24%、16.28%、203.66%、56.40%,表明施用微生物菌剂有利于提高主要的土壤酶活性。综上所述,施用微生物菌剂改善了烤烟连作植烟土壤根际微生态,促进烟草生长,提高了烟草品质。
以烤煙紅花大金元為試驗材料,在連作5年植煙土壤中施用微生物菌劑,髮現該微生物菌劑提高瞭烤煙的產量、產值、均價和中上等煙比重,在一定程度上剋服瞭烤煙的連作障礙,併初步對其可能的微生物機製進行分析。通過平闆計數,髮現微生物菌劑處理烤煙根際土壤的細菌、放線菌、真菌分彆比對照高128.57%、191.43%、107.61%。BIOLOG 分析錶明,施用微生物菌劑對烤煙根際土壤中以糖類、酚痠、氨基痠、胺類、羧痠衍生物為碳源進行生長的微生物有促進作用,且施用微生物菌劑處理的烤煙根際土壤微生物的 SIMPSON (J)指數、SHANNON (H)指數、SHANNON (H)均勻度指數、BRILLOUIN 指數、McIntosh (Dmc)指數均高于對照,錶明微生物菌劑處理提高瞭土壤微生物功能多樣性。微生物菌劑處理烤煙根際土壤中纖維素酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶、脫氫酶和蔗糖酶活性分彆比對照增加瞭52.44%、482.24%、16.28%、203.66%、56.40%,錶明施用微生物菌劑有利于提高主要的土壤酶活性。綜上所述,施用微生物菌劑改善瞭烤煙連作植煙土壤根際微生態,促進煙草生長,提高瞭煙草品質。
이고연홍화대금원위시험재료,재련작5년식연토양중시용미생물균제,발현해미생물균제제고료고연적산량、산치、균개화중상등연비중,재일정정도상극복료고연적련작장애,병초보대기가능적미생물궤제진행분석。통과평판계수,발현미생물균제처리고연근제토양적세균、방선균、진균분별비대조고128.57%、191.43%、107.61%。BIOLOG 분석표명,시용미생물균제대고연근제토양중이당류、분산、안기산、알류、최산연생물위탄원진행생장적미생물유촉진작용,차시용미생물균제처리적고연근제토양미생물적 SIMPSON (J)지수、SHANNON (H)지수、SHANNON (H)균균도지수、BRILLOUIN 지수、McIntosh (Dmc)지수균고우대조,표명미생물균제처리제고료토양미생물공능다양성。미생물균제처리고연근제토양중섬유소매、다분양화매、뇨매、탈경매화자당매활성분별비대조증가료52.44%、482.24%、16.28%、203.66%、56.40%,표명시용미생물균제유리우제고주요적토양매활성。종상소술,시용미생물균제개선료고연련작식연토양근제미생태,촉진연초생장,제고료연초품질。
Using Honghuadajinyuan (Nicotina tobaccum L.cv.),an experimentation by adding a microbial agent to the soil for 5 consecutive years to determine the rhizospheric and economic effects on the tobaccos was conducted. The results showed that the treatment benefited the plant growth in general.It increased the yield,value and proportion of high quality tobacco.To some extent,the agent also alleviated the problems normally associated with the consecutive monoculture.The possible mechanism was,therefore,studied.The agar plate counts on the rhizospheric bacteria,actinomycetes and fungi in the soil were compared with the control to be higher by 128.57%, 191.43%,and 107.61%, respectively.BIOLOG analysis indicated that the average well color development (AWCD)of carbohydrates,phenolic acid,amino acids,amines and carboxylic acid were higher with the treatment than CK.Furthermore,the diversity indices on the microbes utilizing carbon sources,such as Simpson (J ), Shannon index (H),Shannon index (H)evenness index,Brillouin index and McIntosh index (Dmc),suggested a robust microbial functional diversity existed in the rhizospheric soil of the flue-cured tobaccos with the treatment. Among the soil enzymes,the polyphenol oxidase,urease and dehydrogenase all showed significantly higher activities than those of CK by 52.4%,482.2%,16.3%,203.3% and 166.3%,respectively.The activities of polyphenol oxidase and dehydrogenase all reached an extremely significant difference level.It was,therefore,concluded that the addition of the microbial agent could ameliorate the micro-ecological system and the rhizospheric nutrient equilibrium of the soil promote the growth,yield and quality of the tobaccos.