CAJ | 학술논문

通过调查监测，宁夏农村面源污染的主要来源集中体现在化肥污染、农药污染、畜禽粪便污染、农膜污染及农村生活污染5个方面，但其影响和污染主要表现在对水环境和土壤环境的污染上。其中，对水环境的污染形式则是通过地表径流和地下淋溶把过剩的氮、磷、有机农药、无机盐等带到地表水和地下水中，致使地表水富营养化，破环水生态环境，鱼虾难以生存。对土壤环境的污染形式是通过农业投入品超量施入，在改变土壤物理性状、破环土壤通透性、造成土壤板结、粘结的同时，造成重金属离子和病原菌的积累，给农产品质量安全带来危害。
통과조사감측，저하농촌면원오염적주요래원집중체현재화비오염、농약오염、축금분편오염、농막오염급농촌생활오염5개방면，단기영향화오염주요표현재대수배경화토양배경적오염상。기중，대수배경적오염형식칙시통과지표경류화지하림용파과잉적담、린、유궤농약、무궤염등대도지표수화지하수중，치사지표수부영양화，파배수생태배경，어하난이생존。대토양배경적오염형식시통과농업투입품초량시입，재개변토양물이성상、파배토양통투성、조성토양판결、점결적동시，조성중금속리자화병원균적적루，급농산품질량안전대래위해。
Based on an investigation and monitoring,the main sources of Ningxia rural non-point source pollution includes the five aspects of chemical fertilizer pollution, pesticide pollution, livestock and poultry manure pollution, agricultural plastic film pollution and rural domestic pollution. But the impact and pollution were mainly manifested in the pollution of water envi-ronment and soil environment. The form of pollution of the water environment was bringing excess nitrogen, phosphorus, or-ganic pesticides and inorganic salt to the surface water and underground water by the surface runoff and underground leach-ing,it caused the surface water eutrophication,the destruction of the aquatic ecological environment and made the fish and shrimp hard to survive. The form of pollution of the soil environment was changing the soil physical characteristic, destroying the soil permeability, causing soil compaction and bond,and causing the accumulation of heavy metal ions and pathogenic bacteria by excessive application of agricultural inputs, and it brought harms to the quality and safety of agricultural products.